Octuber 3, la«S. ] 



JOUKNAIi OF HOKTICULTUBS AND COTTAGE GABDENEB. 



283 



such a state in the end of March, or even later. For all such 

 uuheateJ hoiiscs, as well as for open walls, the later the bloom- 

 ing, comparutivt'ly speaking, the better anil more secure Vp'illbe 

 the crop in general seasons. Blossoms will stanil a number of 

 degrees of frost in the still dry air umlor glass, but coming 

 into bloom in February there is more likeliliood of the bloimi 

 suffering fnun frost. They are also apt to siiiTcr from coldness 

 at the roots, and hence the want of reciprocal action between 

 roots and l)ranches. If the bloom came a mouth later, the 

 ground would be getting warmer as well as the atmosphere. In 

 a cold unlieated house, therefore, early blooming is to bo 

 avoided. IMenty of air is, therefore, to be given, provided the 

 frost is not severe enough to hurt the buds. If to guard against 

 this last evil the house must be shut at night, it slinuld be 

 opened as soon as the sun tells upon it. In very cold nights in 

 January ami February, with very bright days for a week or a 

 fortnight, in addition to ]denty of air, it may often be advisable 

 to dull or shade the glass for a time, to lessen the force and 

 power of the rays, just as it would bo advisable in similar cir- 

 cumstauces to shade a wall of Apricots or Peaches, to prevent 

 the blossom coming too early, so as to be a prey to future 

 frosts. Let it be set down as a general rule, that very early 

 blooming in unheated houses is more likely to be an evil than 

 an advantage. 



\Vlien the trees have bloomed and set in a comparatively 

 low temperature they become very obedient to our wishes after- 

 wards, if we use them at all fairly, and do not subject them to 

 too great changes suddenly. By shutting up the house with 

 sun heat, without any other heat whatever, the fruit may be 

 gathered ripe some four or six weeks before it can be in the 

 open air ; or by keejiing on air night and day in good quantity 

 the fruit may be obtaiued later than that on the open wall. 

 We can thus gain results according to our treatment of an 

 unheated house. The three or four accoiints of failures from 

 scalding, burning, and dropping in shut houses arose, we be- 

 lieve, not as our correspondents think, from an insufficiency 

 of air-giving power, but from not giving that air, or a little of 

 it, early enough. The top ventilators should be at least par- 

 tially opened as soon as the sim begins to tell on the house. 

 An hour or two of neglect may sacrifice the whole crop. Ama- 

 teurs who are doubtful about getting out in the morning should 

 give air, at least at the top of a lean-to, however little, the last 

 thiug at night. It is not the high temperature of even 100" 

 dm-ing the day that does the harm, if that temperature rises 

 gradually, and with air on to prevent heated moisture having 

 any place ; it is the raising of the temperature suddenly in a 

 close house that does the mischief. In such a house to be 

 accelerated the air may be reduced by 3 r.ii., and removed by 

 4.30 P.M., thus shutting in a good amount of sun heat. If 

 there is a doubt, a little air may be given again on warm nights 

 about 8 P.M. The trees may be syringed when thus shut up 

 in a sunny afternoon ; when dull and cloudy the syringe may 

 be dispensed with. There will be a great difference in the 

 temperature of such a house, after a sunny day, at 5 p.m., and 

 at the same time after a dull cloudy day ; but the same thing 

 takes places with fruit trees out of doors, and with no bad 

 results following. As the sun, however, tells more powerfully 

 under large squares of glass than in the open air, it may be 

 ad%Tsable at times, when very bright sun comes after very dull 

 weather, just to dull the glass with whitened water, so that the 

 change should not be too sudden. The early use of the venti- 

 lators will greatly neutralise all such sudden extremes, and for 

 such cold houses that are to be accelerated, the right use of the 

 ventilators is the gi'eat point of safety and success. 



To ripen fruit as late as possible, the ventilators may be 

 open night and day, except in emergencies, after .Tune, when 

 all danger from frost may be considered past. A good succession 

 of fruit may thus be had even from these unheated houses, 

 and the practice may be varied to meet the requirement. 

 They would, of course, be more under control, if they were 

 heated, but some peojile have such a dread of pipes, and 

 bricks and mortar, who really enjoy walking and worldng 

 among trees, merely under glass, and when once they reap the 

 full enjoyment of such a house, they are very hkely to end in 

 having more substantial heated houses. We believe that these 

 simple orchard-houses have already led to pretty well doubUng 

 the number of more substantial houses in the country. 



We have been giving less air to our first orchard-house, for 

 the purpose of hardening the wood, and ripening Figs in pots. 

 We have taken the sashes off a Peach-house, to have the 

 rafters, fcc, repaired, and the glass had not been off ten days 

 before we noticed a tree or two affected with scale, which gave 



no signs of it before. Wo have sj-ringed with soap and quassia 

 water, as Uio scale insects greatly injure the wood when they 

 get on it. — E. F. 



COVl'INT GAKDEN MARKET.— Skitkmdkk :(0. 



Wb bav.) iiiitliiiii; tri>sb to roiiort, supiilios nro well kept up, roU({h <lo- 

 fifriptiuus iif Kogilrt uioutluK a very beavy »iilci at fiirmor qm.tiUious. Tbo 

 bust PonrH now aro Slaric Louise, DudieHMO d'AiiKoultruie, and BrowQ 

 Beurrc the liost .\ppleH, Coi's Ornngo Pippin, Itibstou, and King of tho 

 Pippins. 



rnuiT. 



d. ». A 

 Oto2 

 









 

 II 



n 



Apples i sievo 



Apricots doz. 



Cherrio.'i lb. 



ChestuutK bush. 10 



CurrantH, Red J sievo t) 



Black do. 



FlKa doz. 



Filberts lb. 



Cobs do. 



OooBeberries. . i sieve 

 Grapes, Hambro.. . ]b. 



Muscats lb. 



Lemons 100 8 14 



Melons each 



Mulberries punnet 



Nectarines doz. 





 



d. s. d 

 0to5 

 U 

 



OranRes 100 10 U 20 



Peacbes doz. 10 



Pears (kitchen). . doz. 1 



dCHHcrt doz. 1 



Pine Apples lb. 3 



Plums A sieve 1 



Quinces | sieve 3 



Uaspberries lb. 



Strawberries ...... lb. 



Walnuts bush 14 







6 



3 



4 

 

 



% a 



\-EGKTABLES. 



Artichokes each 



Asparagus. . . . bundle 

 Boans Broad., bushel 



Kidney do 



Beet, Red doz. 



Broccoli bundle 



Brus. Sprouts. .J sieve 



Cabbage doz. 



Capsicums 100 



Carrots bunch 



Cauliflower doz. 



Celery Imndle 



Cucumbers each 



pickling .... doz. 



Endive score 



Fennel bunch 



Garlic and Shallots, lb. 



Herbs bunch 



Horseradish . . bundle 



s. d. s. d 

 4toO 6 

 

 





 



3 5 



3 

 





 



Leeks bunch 



Lettuce .... per score 

 Mushrooms .... pottle 

 Mustd. & Cress. puunet 

 Onions . . . .per bushel 



pickling quart 



Parsley 4 sieve 



Parsnips doz. 



Peas quart 



Potatoes bushel 



Kidney do. 



Radishes doz. bunches 



Rhubarb bundle 



Savoys doz. 



Sea-kale basket 



Spinach bushel 



Tomatoes A sieve 



Turnips bunch 



Vegetable Marrows dz. 



B. d. s 

 3 too 



9 1 



1 











1 

 9 



2 6 



3 

 6 

 

 





 2 



1 



4 



1 



d 

 

 G 

 6 

 

 

 6 

 6 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 2 

 6 

 2 



TRADE CAT.ILOGUES RECErV'ED. 



Eugene Verdier fils ainf , 3, Eue Dimois, Gare d'lvry, Paris. 

 — Ti-ade Catahnjue of Gladiolus. — Hosiers Noiweaux, pour 1865- 

 1866. 



E. G. Henderson A- Son, Wellington Road, St. John's Wood. 

 — Catalogue of Bulhn and other Flower Roots, tic. 



Paul & Son', Old Nmrseries, Gheshunt, Herts. — Rose Cata- 

 logue, 1865-6. 



D. Dauvesse, Rue Dauphine, Orleans, France. — General 

 Catalogue for 1865-6. 



TO CORRESPONDENTS. 



•,* We request that no one will wTite privately to the depart- 

 mental writers of the " Journal of Horticulture, Cottage 

 Gardener, and Country Gentleman." By so doing they 

 are subjected to mijustifiable trouble and expense. All 

 communications should therefore be addressed solely to 

 The Editors of the Journal of Horticulture, dc., 171, Fleet 

 Street, London, E.G. 



We also request that correspondents will not mix up on the 

 same sheet questions relating to Gardening and those on 

 Poultry and Bee subjects, if they expect to get them an- 

 swered promptly and conveniently, but WTite them on 

 separate communications. Also never to send more than 

 two or three questions at once. 



N.B. — Many questions must remain unanswered until next 

 week. 



Books [B. C. D. £.).— "The Poultrj'-Book " contains what you need. 

 It can be had from our office post free for seven stamps. " The Garden 

 Manual may bo had similarly for twenty stamps. To ask for ■■ two of the 

 best Dahlias " is far too wide a question. Lord Palmeratou, deep scarlet, 

 and Ciinarj-, light yellow, might suit you. Any florist who advertises ia 

 our columns could supply them. 



Rusted Gbass {Henry f'lnrA).— The " red brickdust " which came from 

 the grass upon your shoes are the spores, or seeds, of the Uredo rubigo, 

 or Rust, a parasitical fungus. 



SEEDLrNG D.\nLlA (iV. B.). — The colour is not good — the white and 

 crimson run together. As it is so high a plant and the flowers small it 

 cannot be valuable. 



