December 19, 1665. ] 



JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



503 



similar p-owtli. but Wiinting \-igoiir. Stella would also provo a 

 good stock for Gnldou Chain when it might bo doairaljle to mnko 

 it grow mom. Madamoi Vaucher iiud Lady Middietou would do 

 for the thick-'Jtommed kiud.s. 



The moat eligible mode of grafting ia that known aa whip 

 grafting, and it may be either with or without a tongue, and 

 when the atocka are much thicker than the acion, deft grafting 

 is a nice method, and so ia wedge or crown grafting. At page 

 343 of the present Volume will be found an engraving and 

 directions for whip grafting, so that it would bo ncodleaa to re- 

 peat them. This kind of grafting, though it is the surest of 

 all methoda, has a tendency to weaken the stock too much, and 

 for that reason whip grafting without a tongue is preferable. 

 Stocks established in small or (ill-sized pots, and having 2 or 

 3 inches of clear stem, are the right kind for grafting, and being 

 brought to the potting bench, they shonUi bo turned out of the 

 pot without disturbing the ball more than removing the loose 

 surface soil down to the roots. The head is to be cut off im- 

 mediatel}' above the lowest bud, leaving from 11 to "i inches of 

 clear stem below it, opposite wliich, on the other side, a thin 

 strip of bark, 1 inch or IJ inch in length, and a small portion 

 of wood, should be cut off in an upward direction, about half- 

 way through the stock at its upi)er part, more or less according 

 to the thickness of the stock and that of the scion, for the 

 stock should be so cut that when the scion is prepared the 

 edges of both coincide or fit exactly. The scion is to bo cut at 

 its lower end to fit the cut on the stock, first cutting it trans- 

 versely, as in forming a cutting, and removing the lowest leaf 

 carefully so as not to injure the bud at its axil. Place a sharp 

 knife against the scion on the other side to where the lowest 

 bud is situated, and at the same distance al)ove that bud as the 

 cut on the stock is in length ; bring the knife out just beneath 

 that bud, and quite thin there. This cut must be smooth, and 

 the scion must be pared so that it fit the cut ou the stock to a 

 nicety. If the scion has two, or at most three leaves above the 

 one at its base it will be sufficient, it being immaterial whether 

 its point remain or be pinched out, though I think if there is any 

 difference that the grafts do best when the point is not pinched 

 out but left, as in the case of a cutting. Join together the scion 

 and stock and fasten them closely with a strip of bast matting 

 soaked in water, but not very tightly, being very careful that the 

 edges of stock and scion agree. The plants should now be 

 potted into 32-sized pots, and so low if possible as to cover the 

 union of stock and scion, but if not, the union should have 

 some moss, not much, placed over it, and be bound moderately 

 tight with matting. It is better, however, if the point of union 

 can be bm'ied in the soil, for this not only excludes the air but 

 favours the emission of roots from the part of the scion im- 

 mediately below the eye. If room be a consideration then in- 

 stead of potting the plants into 32's use -i8's, employing the 

 moss, or, if preferred, clay may be put over the part. Remem- 

 ber that it will not do to take cuttings from plants in heat, 

 for it is necessary, if that is the case, for the stocks to be in an 

 equal state of growth, and though I here recommend the graft- 

 ing to be done in March or early in April, I have done so in 

 order that the gi-afted plants may be planted out at bedding-out 

 time, otherwise the scion will take more freely in May and June. 

 I have grafted Geraniums for the last thirteen j'ears, but in 

 this, as in aU other modes of grafting plants, I have yet to learn 

 the value of doing so, excepting always for those plants which 

 do not succeed well on their own roots in consequence of the 

 coldness, wetness, and general unsuitability of the soil. 



The plants being potted and watered, plunge the pots in 

 tan or sawdust over a hotbed at 75°, keeping close and shaded 

 from bright sun until the scion commence to grow freely, then 

 give air by propping up the lights, for a hotbed frame is best, 

 and gradually harden off. In six weeks from the time of 

 operating the union will be complete, and should the eye left at 

 the upper part of the stock grow, remove the shoot by cutting it 

 off closely with a knife, and unless this eye grow it is very likely 

 the upper part of the stock will not heal but decay, and there 

 is an end to the union taking place. It is imperative to have 

 an eye at the upper part of the stock, for if united midway 

 between the joints the stock very often dies to the eye next 

 below it. Cleft and crown grafting are also nice methods. — 

 G. Abeev. 



with the sum of twenty-fiva guineas. Sir C. Wcntworth Dilke, 

 Bart.. M.P., has also consented to take the chair at the anni- 

 versary dinner, to bo held in the ensuing summer. 



Gakdenees' Royal Benevolent Institution. — His Royal 

 Highness the Prince of Wales has graciously consented to be- 

 come the President of this Society in the room of the late 

 Duke of Northumberland, and has presented the Institution 



WINTEIl QUARTERS OF THE RED SPIDER. 



I sn\LL feel obliged if you will furnish some information as to 

 the winter quarters of the red spider. Docs it hyberuate ? or, 

 if not, where are its eggs deposited during the winter ? Are 

 they placed like the eggs of the aphis at the base of the buds ? 

 if so, I cannot find them ; or in the soil on decayed leaves ? 

 If either of the latter two it seems to me that orchard-house 

 cultivators would act wisely if they scraped off the soil from 

 the surface of their pots, and aroimd them, as well as all the 

 decayed leaves, and made an end of them all by roasting them 

 in a good fire. In the Manclieslrr fliiariliiin of this morning 

 there is a paragraph to the effect that carbolic acid, or coal tar, 

 if applied in small doses will kill all tho pests of the garden. 

 Please to say what you know or think of the plan. — T. G. 



[We beUevo it has neither been observed where the red 

 spider hybemates, nor where it lays its eggs. The two plans 

 you mention are excellent, and may be advantageously prac- 

 tised not only against the red spider but various other garden 

 pests. — W.] 



ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY'S 

 INTERNATIONAL FRUIT SHOW. 



In resuming oar aceoant of this Exhibition, we take the oppoi-tnnlty 

 of coiTecting a mistake at page 483, by which some remarkably fine 

 Pears are attributed to the Rev. G. W. St. John, instead of I. Corbiere, 

 Esq., of Cerisy Belle Etoile, Normandy. Mention should also have 

 been made of two cases of dried fruits 'contributed by R. Clarence^ 

 Esq., of Cape Town, and consistLug of di-ied -\pples. Pears, Quinces, 

 Plums. Fig3, Apricots, Peaches, and CuiTants ; also. Almonds, Wal- 

 nuts, Raisins, and Prunes. 



A short account of the vegetable show has already been given, and 

 it now only remains to add a few particulars respecting it. The sub- 

 jects of which it was composed were arranged in the corridor on the 

 western side of the conservatoiy, and, as a whole, had a much neater 

 appearance than vegetable shows usually present. Mr. Ingram's col- 

 lection consisted of nine sorts of Potatoes, very good London Flag 

 Leeks, Strasboni-g and .Tames' Keeping Onions, Russian Shallots^ 

 Jerusalem Artichokes, Dioscorea Batatas, .James' Scarlet Carrots, 

 very fine ; excellent Parsnips and Turnips, Beet, three kinds of Celery, 

 Celeriac, very good Hamburgh Parsley, Curled Parsley, Horseradish, 

 Scorzonera, Salsafy, Cardoous, Spinach, Walcheren Broccoli, Cole- 

 worts, Bl-ussels Sprouts, Savoys, and Scotch Curled Kale. 



Mr. Ford, gardener to W. E. Hubbard, Esq., Horsham, exhibited 

 twenty-nine dishes of Potatoes, of which Myatt's Ashleaf, and Red 

 Ashleaf , were very good, and Ford's Prince of Prussia, a seedling, was 

 stated to be very prolific ; Endive, Broad-leaved and Curled ; Red and 

 White Celeiy, Beet, four kinds of Turnips, Parsnips, Jernsalem Arti- 

 chokes, Early Ulm Savoy, one of the most useful sorts for small gar- 

 dens, .\j-ton Castle Leeks, Nonpareil Cabbage, Brussels Sprouts, 

 Curled and Variegated Kales, and Herbs. 



Mr. Whiting fui-nished an excellent collection, consisting of good 

 samples of tlie following Potatoes — viz., Dalmahcy, Jackson's Ash- 

 leaf Kidney, Prince of Wales, beautiful and clean tubers, Paterson'3 

 Blue Round, Sussex Ividney (?), Early Shaw, Eugenie, Daintree'a 

 Seedling, Paterson's Victoria, Fluke, Ormskirk White Rock, Sutton's 

 Early Racehorse, Rivers' Royal Ash-leaf, Early HanJsworth, Myatt's 

 Ash-ieaf, Red Regent, and Napoleon, an excellent kind for table, 

 there being but little waste. Mr. Wbitiug's other vegetables comprised 

 excellent Carrots, Dioscorea, Cardoous, White Spanish Onions, and 

 Scorzonera, Parsnips, Croncller's Beet, a local variety held in great 

 estimation in Mr. Whiting's neighbourhood ; Tm-nips, Brussels Sprouts, 

 Cabbage, Lettuce, and Endive. 



The last general collection which we have to notice, is that of Mi-. 

 Budd, gardener to Earl Darnley, which consisted of Leeks, four sorts 

 of Onions, Hollow-crowned Parsnips, Scorzomra, Salsafy, Merriotfc 

 Scarlet Cai-rots, Beet, fine Turnips, Walcheren Broccoli, Fearnought 

 Cabbage, Savoys, veiy good Black-seeded Brown Cos, and Brown 

 Dutch Lettuce, Broad'-leaved and Curled Endive, Celery, and Tele- 

 graph Cucumbers. The above were good almost without exception. 



The Rev. G. W. St. John's Potatoes have been already briefly 

 noticed. They had been grown on the system described at page 48.5, 

 and consisted of Hogg's Coldstream, stated to be one of the best for 

 forcing, and suitable where only one kind is required ; Daintree's Ne-vj 

 Seedling, shown as a Kidney and a Round ; Beehive, very clean, 

 medium eyes, following the first earlies, " Huntingdonshire Kidney;" 

 Shutford Seedling, and Mitchell's Early Albion, both excellent for 

 foriing ; Lapstone Kidney. Fovtj-fold ; Onwards, described last week ; 

 Daintree's SeedHng, British QiiJeu, and Haigh's Kidney. In addition 

 to the above were Hogg's Coldstream, Daintree's Seedling, British 

 Queen, and Flute, shown for size, and Bmssela Spronts, grown be- 



