493 JOURNAL OF FORESTRY 



since too much cannot be sacrificed for the ideal of regulation, itself 

 necessarily based on none too accurate forecasts, though the best avail- 

 able under present standards. 



To accomplish the first object, the maintenance of delivery to the 

 general market consumer, a regional working circle is satisfactory. In 

 the white pine region of the Inland Empire, whence close to 100 per 

 cent of the timber produced goes to the general market consumer, there 

 would be included the whole region. 



To accomplish the second object, maintenance of product for the 

 local market consumer, it would be necessary to fix an area tributary to 

 the community having about the proper amount of yield which it is 

 foreseen the community would need. This is a consideration at present 

 not of serious import on the Coeur d'Alene Forest, as far as the prin- 

 cipal species now being cut (white pine) is concerned, though it will 

 unquestionably later develop as needing consideration with respect to 

 species at present of minor importance which form the supply of mining 

 timbers for the local mining industry. 



For the third object, the first case under (&), a working circle would 

 include only those areas reasonably tributary and accessible to the mill 

 or group of mills. The capacity of the mill or mills might conversely 

 be made to depend on the yield of a selected logical working circle 

 unit. In the case of the Coeur d'Alene Forest, sustained production 

 for mills dependent on forest timber would involve the inclusion of 

 two or three neighboring forests in the working circle. 



For the fourth object, the last alternative under (b), considerations 

 similar to those for the second object would govern, except that usually 

 the working circle would have to be smaller in area. The factors to 

 be considered in determining the sizes, boundaries, etc., would be the 

 accessibility for transportation of material and labor from the com- 

 munity centers to the scene of work. 



Hitherto in establishing working circles on National Forests a 

 forest-wide working circle has been a standard, the principal reasons 

 for this being to provide for continuous lumber manufacture in each 

 locality and the simplicity of handling the problem administratively. 

 Roughly there was kept in mind, also, the maintenance of supplies of 

 material for the general market and for any established mills in the 

 territory. 



On the Coeur d'Alene Forest it was determined to plan the working 

 circles so as to develop and maintain local logging communities. This 



