776 JOURNAI, OF FORESTRY 



America ; it also follows in the wake of fires together with aspen. The 

 forest fire danger, by the way, can be looked upon as a past thing 

 now; the amount of burn each year being quite negligible from our 

 viewpoint at any rate. 



As regards other A^ery important timber districts the whole of the 

 north, called Norrland, is fairly well forested. Here at the present, 

 exists an over-supply of old forests and too little young growth. A 

 little absolutely virgin forest is yet in existence but most of the forests 

 are disordered remains after the unsuccessful diameter limit cuttings — 

 the only system practicable when woods had less value than now, and 

 no consideration given to the welfare of the forest. While the wood, 

 especially the pine, is of very good quality in the north, it takes 15 

 to 50 years longer to reach the same dimensions as in the south. 



All the above mentioned coniferous forests are found in regions both 

 undulating and ven,^ mountainous, which abound with driveable water- 

 ways, but the country is also infested with bogs and muskegs (of the 

 spaghnum types), taking up 8 per cent of the area in the southern, and 

 reaching 30 or 40 per cent in the northern regions. 



The flat country of the southern extremity is mostly covered with 

 hardwoods: beech, spruce, etc., on the small areas not taken up for 

 agriculture. 



The trained foresters are of three grades, namely, the Jagmastare, 

 the Forstmastare. and the Skogvaktare or Kronojagare. The Jag- 

 mastare's course consists of a preparatory field practice course of 

 ten months, then two and a half years at the Royal Institute of Forestry 

 in Stockholm, where the curriculimi is about as follows : 



Per cent. Per cent. 



Botanical Subjects 15.0 (F 5.0) 



Geology and Soils 8.5 (F 2.5) 



Zoology Subjects 8.0 (F 3.5) 



Game and Hunting 3.5 



Law 8.0 



Chemistry 2.0 



Forest Economics and Statistics 5.0 



Bookkeeping 6.0 



Agriculture 3.5 (F 4.0) 



Technology and Utilization 14.0 (F 25.0) 



Mensuration 16.0 (F 30.0) 



Silviculture 9.0 (F 30.0) 



Mapping 1.5 



(The first figure is the percentage of total lecture hours, and the practical 

 work, if any, is given in the two field summer courses of two and one-half 

 months each. The time percentage for the summer course is indicated here by 

 putting "F" before it.) 



