A SKETCH ON SWEDISH rOKESTKV 779 



vestigations on diseases and damages occuring in the forests on type 

 and si)ecies and on soils are also carried on. 



The Entomological Department is concerned with the matter of 

 bark and wood borers, insects which destroy cones, and insect troubles 

 in the nursery. 



The Dei)artmcnt of Reforestation in Norrland is a result of dire 

 necessity in that respect in northern Sweden, and for the present it 

 has on its program questions of local seed production and germination. 



EOKESTRY PKACTICE 



It is worth noting that while there are forest regulations affecting 

 private ownership, these do not affect greatly the companies proper 

 who keep far within the bounds of the law, seeming to vie with each 

 other in develoj^ing better systems and handling their woodlands for 

 what is considcrcfl the ultimate best. 



The forester does not have to advertise to let people know he is 

 a useful individual ; they know it. A lumber industry is not only one 

 which cuts and sells timber, but jiroduccs it. There are no discussions 

 about forestry on one side and lumbering on the other, such as we have 

 here; no attacks or expressed opinions by practical (?) lumbermen. 

 In this one respect at least the com])anics have a suitable and sensible 

 organization which corroljorates the fact that real forestry does not only 

 mean the care and growing of forests, but also their exploitation ; that 

 is. forestry should include logging, or at any rate direct it as regards 

 location and method of cutting. Consec|ucntly one sees forests handled 

 by so called "Chief Foresters" who understand silviculture and lum- 

 bering problems, who are familiar with economic difficulties, and handle 

 the whole on a business basis. They are answerable to the company, 

 anrl have to decide the happy mean, when truly rational handling of the 

 woods cannot harmonize with the dictates of necessity. 



OI'ERATtxr, UNITS AND SYSTEM 



The Chief Forester fin the (lovernment service, "Over Jagmastare") 

 has unrler him "Revir Fiirvaltarc" or division managers (generally 

 a graduate jagmastare or Forslmjlstare). These divisions or "Revir" 

 in iniildle Sweden might contain about 7') sc|U,-ne miles of woods for 

 which a single working jdan may apply. These divisions are further 

 divided into districts of perhaps ]'.\ square miles, each looked after 

 by a ranger, and further snbdivifled into tracts which might be called 

 the "working units." on which s])ecial statistics mav be kept. 



