816 JOURNAL OF FORESTRY 



(Pimis strobus) , the false acacia (Robinia pseudacacia), the American 

 red oak (Que reus rubra) are all examples. 



"The Scotch pine (Pinus sylvesfris) itself, is it not an introduced 

 species in most of France? Is not the same true of the maritime pine 

 (Pinus pinaster) in Sologne? 



"Other exotic species as yet little represented in our forests have 

 shown themselves very hardy and fertile in several localities. They 

 are. therefore, susceptible of complete naturalization. 



"Outside the question of its climatic adaptability, a foreign species 

 merits introduction into our forests if it is able to fill one of the 

 following conditions : 



"(1) If it furnishes products of a superior quality to those of 

 similar native species. 



"(2) If it produces an equal or even a slightly poorer quality of 

 commercial timber in the same or somewhat shorter space of time. 



"(3) If it furnishes special products which cannot be obtained from 

 indigenous species and which we must import from foreign countries. 



"(4) If, even though it furnishes a wood inferior in quality and 

 quantity, it recommends itself because of its resistance to wind, drouth, 

 frost or other unfavorable condition ; if , in a word, it presents decided 

 advantages over indigenous species in point of view of its adaptability 

 to particularly difficult conditions of soil or exposure. 



"It is decidedly evident that species should be introduced into the 

 forest only after they have been planted in arboretums or parks and 

 gardens and have proved themselves completely hardy in our climate. 

 It is somewhat difficult to determine soil and site conditions under 

 which exotic trees will grow, and even with species known to be hardy 

 it is advisable to await the result of experiments whose objects are 

 to determine just these things." 



Following this discussion he lists some sixteen exotic conifers roughly 

 in order of their probable importance for forest planting in France. 

 Of these all but four are from North America, these being from 

 Western Asia or Japan. 



The list of hardwoods contains twelve species, all but two of which 

 are North American. 



In addition in his general discussion of French trees he includes the 

 white pine and black locust considering them as now part of the forest 

 flora of the country. For convenience these are here placed at the 

 head of the respective lists of coniferous and of broad-leaved species. 



In translating the scientific name has been placed first, followed by 

 the French common name and its English translation, since the French 

 common names may be met with in French literature where scientific 

 names are not given. 



