AMERICAN TREES FOR PLANTING IN FRANCE 819 



and requires a humid atmosphere. A fine tree with a rapid growth 

 which can be planted from the lowlands to the upper limit of vege- 

 tation, on all sorts of exposures. It merits utilization for forestation 

 of humid soils and pastures. Its sharp and pungent needles defend it 

 against the teeth of animals. 



(Little is known of the planting possibilities of this species, but it 

 is a valuable and rapidly growing timber tree and should be worth 

 experimenting with.) 



Juniperus Virginiana; Gcnevrier dc Virginie (Virginia Juniper). — 

 Commonly called red cedar (Ccdre rouge). A large tv-ee of slow 

 growth, seeming to be hardy with us and not to be exacting in point 

 of view of soils, prefering however sandy regions fresh and rich in 

 humus, but accommodating itself to light and dry soils. Because of 

 its hardiness, its slow grow^th, and above all because of the special 

 uses to which its wood can be put (chiefly in the manufacture of 

 pencils), it w^ould be interesting to introduce into our forests as a trial 

 species, especially on light soils along the sea shore. 



(Because of its exceedingly slow growth French foresters will 

 probably discover that there is little financial advantage in growing 

 this species. It has, however, a distinct landscape value, and on 

 estate forests it could easily find a place, for this reason.) 



Fi)iits Bankshina {P. dk'aricata) ; Fin dc Banks (Banks pine). — 

 Origin in America, able to give service for foresting poor soils at high 

 altitudes, with a severe climate. Has a rapid growth. It seems to with- 

 stand dryness better than Scotch pine {P. sylvestris). It is able to 

 grow on the most arid and sandiest of soils. It seems to prefer lime- 

 stone soils, and can be tried on the poorer soils of exposed plateaus 

 of southern France. 



(The author's statement that this tree seems to prefer limestone 

 soils is interesting since the tree does not do well on calcareous sites 

 in America. It is doubtful if there would be any advantage in growing 

 this species on sites suitable for Scotch pine as the latter yields a better 

 grade of material and reaches a larger size.) 



Pinus Riffida; Pin rigide ( Rigid pine). — Of American origin, hardy, 

 little exacting as to soil conditions, can render service in moving sands, 

 notably in the dunes of the North where the maritime pine does not 

 resist the climate. 



(The author's sug.gestion to use this species for sand-dune work 

 along the French Coast too far north for the maritime pine seems 

 practical in view of its success on Cape Cod, the sand ])lains of Long 

 Island, and exposed points on the coast of Connecticut.) 



