AMERICAN TREES FOR PLANTING IN FRANCE 821 



and accommodates itself well to sandy soils of medium fertility, but 

 grows badly on limestones. A species interesting to plant in trial 

 plots along with our common oaks. 



( Boppe and Jolyet in Les Forets give this species an even more 

 favorable write up, stating that it has been used quite largely in 

 Belgium. It is certainly a desirable tree for cultivation at home.) 



Qiiercus Palustris; Chene de marais (Marsh oak). — A very fine tree 

 of fairly rapid growth, very hardy in France. Seeks out moist or 

 even wet sand plains and valleys. The best perhaps of the American 

 oaks. 



(An American might disagree with the author in his statement that 

 this is perhaps the best of American oaks, but it should certainly do 

 well on the sites which he mentions.) 



Quercus Nana; Chene a feuilles d'Yeuse (Green oak). — Small-sized 

 American tree, valuable for use on dry sandy soils and on hunting 

 preserves. 



(The author is probably unacquainted with the extent to which this 

 species can become a forest weed. It seldom becomes a real tree, 

 and even though it forms a dense soil-binding cover it gains growth 

 so successfully at the expense of more valuable species that its use 

 would be unadvisable. Even as cover for shooting preserves it has 

 the disadvantage of forming dense thickets — admirable refuges for 

 the game, but almost impenetrable for the hunters or the beaters.) 



Fraxinus Americana; Frcne Blanc d'Amerique (American white 

 ash). — An excellent tree even more hardy and of more rapid growth 

 than our common ash to which it is not inferior. It demands moist 

 soils. It is worth propagating along the banks of streams and on soils 

 frequently inundated. 



(There would probably be danger in planting white ash in soils too 

 frequently inundated or too swampy. Black ash (F. nigra) might be 

 employed under those conditions.) 



Juglans Nigra; Noyer noir d'Amerique (American black walnut). — 

 An excellent tree with a more rapid growth than our indigenous species, 

 and less exacting in soil requirements, very hardy, succeeds on moist 

 sandy soils, but prefers those somewhat fertile. A tree able to live 

 in close stands, yielding a wood of high value. Interesting to trv in 

 the forest and along its edges. 



(It is, of course, difficult to grow black walnut in close stands, but 

 under conditions of intensive culture such as are possible in Europe it 

 ought to be easier than in America. The common walnut of Europe 

 (Juglans regia) is not regarded as a forest tree so our species would 

 not come into comi)ctition with it.) 



