December 11, 1866. ] 



JOUBNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



161 



Heating [W. F.).— Halting a house by a dumber under it would re- 

 quire a much larger con umption ol fuel than U thi pipi from a boiler, 

 mill the Que from the Furnace, went direotrj roi nd tl d Inside. 



Vim: Bobsbrs A' png* 4JW, Brat c ilumn, -ocond lino from the bottom, 

 lor "4 inch™" read four loads. 



Stove (K.).— We employ Hays's Constant Stove, 



Garstox Vine y Ann (Petri- Putin), i 1 corrreet. Ii 



you have a similar nursery we will readily | .. it a similar n 



' m In ml was that it 



had divided into two ] rtie 



\ NonxH-EAST WalTj (A North 

 situation bein ■ exposed one, the following an I i in ■ - your 



purpose: on'si, Winter Nelis, Forelle, ftonarch, 



Doyenne Goubauit, Berg tmotte Bsperen, Beam Btei 



Apples and Peabs poi I .—The following ore nil 



dessert fruit, and hmeaoVs 



Coi i, Cornish G illiflowei . 1 1 wntoo I ippin, Joanneting, 



Kerry Pippin, Margil, Nonpareil, Pitmaston Nonpareil. Sturmer Pippin, 

 Summer Pearmnin. Pearn : Doyenni d'Ete, Jargonelle, Fondahte de 

 Cuerne. Willi Bonn Hardy, 



1 Es] Victoi ia, Glon 



More*.;' ■ peren. 



Vi. You maj 

 sweet oil fl Lth a c in el's-hoir pencil or small brush to the plants affected 

 with scale; or dissol ■■■ iphor in half a pinf of spii 



wine. You will thus obti i i u powder, to which add half a pound of Scotch 

 snuff, halie pound I ground blacli pi per, and J flowers 



of sulphur. Mix well together and 1> i i bottle. 



and with the powd i osally 'lust the parts affected. It will 



destroy the w : i i ■ < irchids ana i ine pi 



Pruning Pka. a Trees (A. if. 8. H'.i.- -Yoi r best plan, as the summer 

 pruning has been neglected, will be to cut out the old wood and tx in in 

 young wood at 9 menes or 1 foot apart. As yon purpose treating them 

 on the spur system, we would not shorten the shoots left, unless 1 ho trees 

 are deficient uf young wood ; if they are so deficient, out them hack to 

 half their length. The pruning would be best deferred until February. 

 The shoots are mnch to i close now for any kind of pruning, but thin 

 them well. Next year stop all the shoots at the third leaf, and at every 

 leaf after the first growth— that is, the Bhootfl that conic from the first 

 growth. Make an exception of shoots required for extension, and to 

 train-in to cover the w. ill, and do not stop them or take out their points, 

 but stop at the first leaf any laterals or side shoots coming from them. 

 Never use a knife afterwards at the winter pruning^ except to remove a 

 worn-out branch and replace it with young bearing wood. 



CVPERUS ALTERNirOLIUS VATtlEGATUS CULTURE (An Inquirer). — The 



pot in which it is grown should be drained to one-third its depth, and on 

 that place a thin layer of sphagnum or cocoa-nut fibre. Fill to within 

 an inch of the rim with very sandy peat and turfy loam in equal parts, 

 introduce the plant, and fill up with pure sand. Keep the sand moist, 

 and afford a temperature of 65°. In spring and summer afford a some- 

 what higher temperature- from 60° to G~,° by night, and set the pot in a 

 saucer of water, or keep the sand wet. Give plenty of moisture and a 

 moderate amount of air. The plant will grow freely. In winter keep the 

 soil moist, but not wet. The points of the leavt die off owing to the 

 atmosphere being too cool, and the soil not being open enough ; it can 

 hardly have too much sand in it. 



Transplanting a Large Portugal Laurel (H. C.).— The Portugal 

 Laurel may he transplanted, care being taken to remove it wit";i 

 but if you cannot obtain a ball yon may remove it and cut in the head 

 considerably next spring, or you may leave it where it is and cut it down 

 as much as you like, for no evergreen shoots better from the old wood. 

 Cut it back in April before it begins to grow. 



Covering the Stem of a Rose (Idem). — The stem of the three-feet 

 standard should not be covered with soil, or be planted so deeply as the 

 bud. Plant it in the ordinary manner, not covering the stock more than 

 6 inches above the roots. 



Vines Planting ^Pheasant). — Your proposed mode of making the 

 border is good as to the layer of stones, from 9 inches to 1 foot thick, at 

 the bottom ; then put in a layer of sods 6 inches thick, a sprinkling of 

 bones upon the sods, a six-inch layer of turf, another sprinkling of bones, 

 another layer of sods, bones, and then a nine-inch layer of turf. Plant the 

 Vine-- in soil from an old Cucumber-bed, in quantity just enough to plant 

 the Vines in. The bones can he had of any marine-store dealer. No license 

 is needed to dispose of Gold. Silver, and Versicolor Pheasants. The 

 whole of the volumes, except YoL II., may be had, nine vols, at 8?. 6d. 

 and one vol. at 1_ . 



House for Ferns (MiuUcus), — Your house, the temperature of which 

 is never below 50°, will answer for all greenhouse Ferns ; and many of 

 the so-called stove Ferns will winter safely in a temperature of 50°, if the 

 soil is not kept very wet. We presume that you can command moisture, 

 and have means for admitting air ; though little is required by Ferns, 

 yet a certain amount is necessary to grow them strong and healthy. 



Liquid Manure (A.B. A.).— -Stable manure is not fitted for making 

 liquid manure for conservatory use, its ammoniacal fumes are too per- 

 manently offensive. Half an ounce of guano to each gallon of water ; 

 or sheep's dung, a peck to thirty gallons, will make a liquid manure suit- 

 able for your plants. If you enclose four postage stamps with your 

 direction, and order " Manures, or Muck for the Many," you will have it 

 sent free by post. It contains much that you would find useful to you. 



Drac\!-;na terminalis Flowering (E. II. II. ,V., Notts).— It is not usual 

 for this plant to flower, because it is stopped and cut down whenever 

 disposed to become too tall, in order to have a dwarf compact plant. Its 

 flowering is an uncommon occurrence, except in botanical collections. 



Brushing a Lawn During Frost (One Anxioux to Learn). — The 

 sweeping of a lawn whilst the ground is frosted will tend to destroy 

 moss, but it is not a desirable proceeding. Sweeping in frosty weather 

 is, however, one of the very best ways of destroying moss and small 

 weeds on gravel walks, the walks being well swept after the frost is gone. 



Utilising a Small Propagating-house (H. L.). — Over the fine in the 

 front of the house you should have 9 inches of rough (Travel or broken 

 bricks, 3 inches of broken pots or fine gravel, and on this from 3 to 



6 inches of sand or sawdust ; the first if you strike the edttingS Without 

 pot i, or, ii in pots, you will require something to plunge ta< pot ■"- The 

 eods would be besl in pai 



and, but mo< b id ived from 



the case when lick, in < You 



may comj ten tings. i h , , ... , , 



i in them, and 1 1 j ' ■ u ch, but 



all will depend ■ 



against the bach wall, bat not both ; and *oni ffnesin front. 



training the i -> ■ to the front and roof, and o~i 



Ct would I i ; itc the he I Lrely to Melon 1 1 * 



ever you prefer, hiii in pots trained' to the 



5 foot apart felons I be bcl 



may have Tom trained to the back wall. Your friend can- 



not have tasted Scarlet Gem Melon or if he had we think he v ould have 

 found it inferioi to no ' reen-fleshed Melon in flavour. Beechwood and 

 Golden I < i*fi i ti ■ ■ iod 6rei n-fleshed Melons. 



Tniars on '■ .>'■/. ■■■. , oover have any troubl 



bag this pest. I idily to tobacco smoke. We fear yon hi 



filled the lion ... . to destroy it. ir i dvii 



Choose a < 



by burn- 

 i .!,.'■■ l plant cannot 



i . ,. . Keep thi ■ ■ ■ 



t atmo- 

 On tl 



tho first night. Keep the b luring the following day, i 



the noxi . . forcibly on thi ander side of 1 I i ; - 



Be on the Look-out, and whenever an insect is 



night with I Tho house is kept too 



dry, too close, and too warm, othei ts would not be so 



severely attacked with thrips as yours evidently are. 



- i (J. B i maybe sown and cultivated like the 



common Radish, but the plants must be a foot apart. Queen Anne's 



Po< ■ i and cultivated Like other varieties of the 



We shall h. . < Viola cornuta in our next 



■ 



Gold Fish (IF. II. II.).— If the pond is frozen over, a hole should be 

 broken through the ice daily. 



i s (J. W. W; B.),~ Li ndon ■ E erf-Instructor, ' published b; 

 : n, will teach you the elements of drawing gardens, &c (Amateur). 

 —The only book on market gardening is Cut hill's. Tho Covent I 

 Market prices are the retail prices. 



Vinery Borders — Orchids in Vinery (Forester). — See what is said 

 about inside borders in " Doings of the Last Week." Still, if you take 

 Dl flow-pipes for top heat, you can do no possible harm in re- 

 turning the pipes in the rubble below the border. You will thus heat the 

 soil gently, and will, only require to be a little more particular in water- 

 ing. Orchids growing in a vinery, unless they be the very hardiest, will 

 have to be removed to another house or pit whilst the Yiucs are at rest, 

 and when the house would barely average 40 : at night. 



Cucumbers amd Melons with Vines (J. Ckadwick), — For your lean-to 

 house, 18 feet by 10 feet, with a 10-feet back wall, a east-iron saddle 

 boiler 24 inches in length, 20 inches in width, and 16 or 17 inches in 

 height, will suit you. and so will a cylinder of about 23 inches in height, 

 and IB inches in diameter, costing at first hand about £3 Ids. A less 

 boiler would do if you did not contemplate winter Cucumbers. In such 

 a house you can grow Cucumbers and Melons, and Grapes too, if you 

 wish; but you cannot have Grapes and Cucumbers in the same plane. 

 You could have Vines in pots in an open place, and by keeping your Cu- 

 cumbers 2 feet from the glass you might introduce three Vines from the 

 outside, spur prune them, and take three rods, 15 inches from the glass, 

 and yet the shade would not so much interfere with the Cucumbers 

 below. To make the best of the house, however, for the three things we 

 would have one end for Cucumbers, the middle for Melons, and a distinct 

 part for Vines, and then all could have justice. 



Gardeners Selling Plants (Meum et Tuuvi). — See what was said 

 lately as to gardeners giving or exchanging cuttings. Gardeners have no 

 right to sell a plant, flower, or seed without the knowledge or sanction of 

 their employers. When they do so openly it may be inferred either that 

 they have that right, or rather that they do it as a matter of duty to their 

 employer. In some large establishments this selling goes on to a large 

 extent, the selling doing much towards covering the general expenses, 

 and frequently so far, when things arc sold below the market value, in- 

 terfering with mercantile arrangements. Whenever selling is resorted to 

 in any underhand way by a gardener or any other servant, we need not 

 say more than that the whole system is dishonourable and dishonest in 

 all connected with it, seller and buyer alike. 



Filbert Stubs (Idem).— You cannot do better than treat your cut- 

 down Filberts as you would a Gooseberry bush. The small twigs that 

 will be produced the second season will generally be well stored with 

 fruit-buds. 



Boilers fjt\ Turne\ ■ Tf well set, and well worked and regulated as to 

 draught, there is but little difference between boilers as to securing heat 

 and economising fuel. In large establishments where several houses 

 are heated by one boiler, we might prefer an upright tubular one to any 

 other, and chiefly because it would be easily fed from the top. For such 

 a house as yours, 36 feet by 14, and which may be increased to double its 

 we would just as soon have a cast-iron saddle-back as any other, 

 and if we chose an upright one, we would on the whole prefer .". cylinder 

 j to a tubular boiler. Somehow these tubular boilers are more subject to 

 accidents than cylinder or saddlebacks. We know of a case where 

 several large ones have been replaced one after another in a few years, 

 and where ono on the simple loco motive -boiler principle is to replace a 

 large one again. A cylinder about 24 inches in height, and 18 inches in 

 width, will suit you." If there is danger of water in the stokehole, we 

 wouldprefer a cast-iron saddle-back 24 inches long, 19 inches wide, and 

 16 inches in height. 



Vine-eobdebs (Idem),— It does not matter whether the Vine-borders 



are made in layers or all at once, further than this, that if made in 



each layer may be more consolidated by heating, and the border 



aft- rv.irds would sink less. If made at once, allowance must be made 



for the sinking. 



