( xliii ) 



with one another and subordinate to the genns, so are the subspecies co-ordinate 

 with one another and subordinate to the species of which they are the components. 

 Since Linne applied the term tarietas to the forms which are not speciiically 

 different, we do not see any reason against the use of this very convenient word 

 in the same sense for all the components of a species which differ from one 

 another. We understand, therefore, under rarieti/ not a particular category of 

 the components of a species, but employ the term for all the different members 

 of a species indiscriminately. The different categories of varieties must receive 

 special terms in a precise classification, and special formulae must be employed 

 for them in a jirecise nomenclature. 



We distinguish three categories of varieties, namely : — 



I. Individual variety. — The following terms are employed by us : 



(1) ab. = (iberratio for individuals which stand outside the normal 



range of variation. 



(2) /■ = forma in the case of di- and polymorphism. If a form 



occurs rarely, it may be termed f. ah., in contradistinction to 

 /. norm. 



(3) ?-y. or S-J., if the respective form belongs to one sex only. 

 (4)y. loc. = Jorma alicuius loci, if, in the case of polymorphism, a 



form is restricted to one portion of the range of the respective 

 variety or species. 



II. Generator// variet;/. — This variety is seasonal in Lepidoptera, and is 

 designated as 



(5) /. t. = forma tempestatis. 



III. Geographical tarietij or subspecies. — This is the highest category of 

 varieties. As the term varietas includes also other varieties, 

 it cannot be employed as such for the geographical variety except 

 in a precise nomenclature ; either a specifying attribute must be 

 added {car. geogr.'), or an abbreviation of another term chosen 

 (subsp.). But we do not see that it is at all necessary to put 

 any such abbreviation of a term before the subspecific name. 

 We can do without the encumbrance of the abbreviation — what 

 we can do without is unnecessary ; aud what is an unnecessary 

 encumbrance in nomeuclaturc, common-sense comj^els us to 

 drop — by 



(6) Simply mutually agreeing that a subspecies is designated by its 



name added to that of the species without any abbreviation before 

 the subspecific name. This means simplification of nomenclature, 

 nothing else. 



The following diagram illustrates the nomenclatorial relation towards each 



