II. SYSTEMATIC SECTION. 



Family 8PH1XGIDAE.— Typos : Sphiiu: ocdluta. 



Sphinx Linnc, Syst. Xal. ed. x. p. 489 (1758) (partim). 



S/>h!ii;iis Scopoli, Inlr. Hi-t. ytit. p. 413 (1777) (partim). 



Sjilit/inidis hsLireWle, Hid. Crust. Ins. xiv. p. 120(1805) (partim); Leach, in Brewst., Ei/hib. Eiifijd. 



ix. p. lao (1815). 

 SphiiitihlcK Samouelle, Eiit. Cump. p. 243 (1«10) : Westw., Brit. Moth.^ i. p. 5 (1843); "Walk., Li.4 



Lep. /n.s. B.M. viii. p. 76 (1856) (descr. of Sphing. of the globe) ; Butl., Tram. Zml. Hoc. Lnml. 



ix. p. 511 (1877) (revi.=. of Sphing.) ; Smith, Trans. Amer. Ent. Snc. xv. p. 49 (1888) (monogr. 



of N. Amer. Sphing.) ; Kirby, Cat. L,p. /let. i. p. 624 (1892) ; Hamps., in Blanf., Fauna Brit. 



Iml., .Voth.Hi. p. 65 (1892) ; Bartel, in Riihl, Grossschm. ii. p. 11 (1899) (descr. of Palaearct. 



Sphing.). 

 Hpliiiifjiilae + Sesiidae Stephens, lUiislr. Brit. Ent., Ilaust. i. p. 104 (1828). 

 Spliiiif/idi Boisduval, Iml. Mvth. p. 32 (1829) (catal. of Eur. Sphing.). 



Sphinijuahie Harris, in Sillim., Juurn. Sc. Art xxxvi. p.-290 (1839) (monogr. of N. Amer. Sphing.). 

 Sphiniftiiae. + Orthidar, Swainson & Shuckard, Hi.st. Xat. Arran;/. 7».s. p. 101 (1840). 

 " Sphingides'' Boisduval, Spec. Gen. Lip. Ilet. i. p. 1 (1875) (monogr. of Sphing.). 



Eff(/ gloLnlar or sliuhtl y flatteneil, almost smooth, without distinct excrescences, 

 the strnctnre being microscopical. 



Larca cylindrical, or tapering in front, third and fourth segments often swollen; 

 skin covered with setiferous granules, or smooth, the granules often present only 

 in first stage ; segments riuged ; head rounded or triangular, apparently always 

 rounded in first stage, sometimes first rounded, then triangular, aud again rounded 

 in last stage {Ellema, see also Clanis) ; eleventh segment with horn, which is 

 occasionally replaced by a buttou-like knob, horn longer in first than in later stages, 

 often carried upright or leaning forward iu first stages and movable at will, bifid 

 in first stages, or at least with two apical setae, varying in structure from being 

 covered with large setiferous tubercles to being nearly smooth. 



Pupa : segments 5 and of abdomen movable (three joints) ; tongue-case 

 re;iching to end of wing-cases, or shorlened, often comjiressed, cariniform, enlarged 

 biisally or projecting free, sometimes rolled in spirally ; sides of abdomen generally 

 more strongly sculptured than dorsal aud ventral parts of sommites, stigmatical 

 area mostly transversely ribbed or carinate ; cremaster very variable, bifid as a rule, 

 ol'tcn with spines and hooks. Free iu a cell in the ground, or in a very loose cocoon 

 on the surface between leaves, or beneath surface, seldom sjiun up on branch of 

 food-plant (^CaU/omma). 



fimigo varying in lengtli of liody i'rom VZ to Sn mm., ;iud in length of forewing 

 frum It) to 9U mm. (Sjj/a'm/onm'pioj'sis obscurus and Corijtius antacus). — Tongue 

 varying from being several times as long as the body to being reduced to two 

 small tubercles. — Pilifer clothed with bristles or scales, the brush even, or the 

 bristles short at apex, or absent. — Genal process naked, mostly triangular, very 

 • ifteu reaching to tip of pilifer. — Labrnm convex in middle, often raised into 

 a rather prominent tubercle. — Palpus very variable in size and structure ; first 

 segment with or without patch of sensory hairs on inner surface at base ; inner 

 surface of second segment scaled or partly naked, sometimes excavate ; scaling 



B 



