( r, ) 



Tuip.E Sphingicae. — Tyjms : Hi/lokiis Uf/Ksfri. 



Manducae Hiibner, T'cr:. hek\ Sclim. p. 138 (1822) (partim). 



Sphiiigiiii G-rote & Robinson, Proc. Erul. Snc. Phihid. v. p. llil (18(55) (partim ; imm. tiiid.). 



" Euryglottides " Boisduval, .S/jcc. Gen. Lep. HSt. i. p. 58 (1875) (partim). 



S/>hhigln,ie Butler, Trann. Zonl. Snc. Land. ix. p. '517 (1877) (partim). 



cJ2. Tongne varying from being many times as long as the liody to being 

 very short. Eud-segment of antenna always lon^, rough with disjiersed long 

 scales and bristles, reduced in lengtli in Oligographa. Second segment of palpus 

 on innerside normally scaled, not sunken or only slightly concave, in Psilogramma 

 with a naked streak ; third segment in some of the otherwise more generalised 

 genera long and prominent ; palpus small and rough-scaled in many of the 

 specialised genera. Size of head and eyes very variable ; the latter generally 

 lashed in the reduced forms, and the head often crested. Pilifer normal, or the 

 bristles modified into scales. Spinosity of abdomen varying ; the spines very 

 weak in the specialised genera, seldom absent ; there are always more rows than 

 one to each segment ; the spines of the sternites always much weaker than those 

 of the tergites. Ti])iae simple or spinose, foretibia often ending in a thorn ; 

 pro.ximal jiair of spurs of hindtibia present or absent ; mid- and hiudtarsus with 

 comb or without ; the bristles of the comb very long in the generalised forms ; 

 foretibia not rarely reduced in length and then armed with stout and long 

 spines externally ; pulvillus and paronychium present or absent, the pulvillus 

 disappearing before the paronj'chium, there being no species with pulvillus and 

 without paronychium, the order in which these organs become obliterated being 

 this : ventral lobes of paronychium, pulvillus, lateral lobes of paronychium. 



S. Some of the lower (= generalised) genera have a strongly developed 

 procoxal scent-organ, a friction-patch on clasper, and a mesially divided tenth 

 segment, or one of these cliaracters ; the last two characters occurring only in (Md- 

 World forms, none of the numerous American si)ecies possessing a friction-patch, 

 or having the tenth tergite mesially divided. Armature of clasper and penis-sheath 

 very variable ; the armature of the latter, if there is any, consisting of one, seldom 

 two, apical processes, which are rarely dentate. 



? . Antenna in many cases with traces of the fasciculated ciliae found in the 

 ?,and more often incrassate distally than in the S. Vaginal plate often rather 

 large, and mostly provided with some kind of armature. 



Larva cylindrical ; head seldom triangular ; horn always present, either 

 --shaped (lowest form), or simply curved ; thoracical segments sometimes humped ; 

 longitudinally striate, or obliquely banded, or with large patclies. — Food-plants : 

 ConiJ'e)-ae, Liyustrvm, Solanaceae, Mentha^ etc. 



Pupa : tongue-case reaching tip of wing-cases (except Cerafomia), free 

 projecting or not, recurved or not, in one case spirally rolled in {Cocijtius 

 cluentius). 



Hub. Cosmopolitan. More abundant in the New World as regards number 

 of species ; 'of the 112 species known 84 being American belonging to 16 genera, 

 28 Old-World forms belonging to 17 genera ; one of the genera is common to the 

 Palaeai'ctic and Nearctic Regions, there being altogether 32 genera of Sphingicae. 

 Only one genus {Hyloicus) occurs in the Old and New World, being Holarctic. 

 Africa harbours doubtless many unknown species of this tribe. 



