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as broad, joint more or less open, at least in c?. Antennal segments deeply grooved 

 in S, rather feebly in ?, ciliae much longer in cJ than in ?, last segment short, 

 penultimate one higher than long. Abdominal tergites without broad scales, 

 densely spinose all over. Tibiae spi/iosc, hindtibia as long as, or longer than, the 

 first two tarsal segments ; spurs not s{)inose, onf pair to hindtibia, short ; tarsi 

 stout, some of the spines of the underside more or less erect and inclining mesiad ; 

 pulvillus and paronychium present, tlie upjier lobe of the latter broad. Distal 

 margin of forewing more or less undulate : apex of hindwing rounded, proportional 

 length of D- and D^ variable, but D- never twice the length of D'', sometimes even 

 shorter tlian D^ ; pattern almost the same in all the species. No organ of friction 

 on clasper and eightli tergite. 



Cliisper and harjie similar in the various species : tlie former (PI. XXXIV. 

 f. l:i — Is) divitled distally into a dorsal and a ventral lobe, the dorsal lobe 

 mostly strongly cliitinised and pointed, the ventral one obliiiuely roinided, weak, 

 both close together, imperfectly separated ; liarpe rejiresented by a very strongly 

 chitinised hook curving ui)wards ; a subdorsal basal fold of tlie clasper is produced 

 mesiad into a plate which lies above the penis-sheath and is i)rolonged distad into 

 a sharp process which corresponds to the processes /xlr and jm/I of Poli/pti/chus 

 trilinedtus ; the process is tlie same on both sides, while in Poh/ptyehun trilineutua 

 the left one differs from the right one. Penis-funnel short, more or less trans- 

 versely folded above (PI. XXXIV. f. 14) ; penis-sheath without processes, but 

 more or less rugose or granulose at the end. Vaginal plate see PI. XVIII. 

 f 15—22. 



Larva granulose ; head triangular. — Food-i)Iants : Tilia ; I'nnti/s ; J'iriis ; 

 Quercits ; etc. 



Pupa somewhat glossy, rugate ; two small frontal tubercles ; labrum and 

 pilifer distinct ; smooth part of eye polished, tongue-case about 5 mm. shorter than 

 foreleg ; cremaster very rough above, tip divided, short Qjuercus). 



JIab. Oriental and Palaearctic Regions, as far east as the Southern Moluccas 

 and file Tenimber Islands. 



The mouth parts are very variable according to spcicies and individuals. The 

 tongue of (jKCrcKti and jan/io/rs/i-ii is always devoid of a fringe at the inner edge — 

 by means of which the two halves of the tongue are kept together — while the fringe 

 is present in all the other species (PI. LXI. f. 11). The pilifer is also much 

 reduced in ijiiercus (PI. LXI. f. 10) and is devoid of the clothing of bristles or 

 scales found elsewhere. In sperckius i(Pl. LXI. f. 11) the bristles are few in 

 immber, being re{ilaced by hairs and scales. In some individuals oi' (/asc/th-/rif.-ic/u 

 and cri.stttta the ])ilifer is longer and bears the normal brush of brown bristles, while 

 other individuals of the same species resemble sperc/iit/s in this respect or stand 

 intermediate. M. quercus has no distinct epistome ; in sperckius and cristatK 

 (Pi. LXI. f. 11, ep), it is represented by an obtusely triangular lobe, and in 

 spectahilis by a sinuate lobe. The labrum bears a transverse ridge, variously 

 shaped in the different species, being almost tnberculiform in cristata, very high 

 and mesially somewhat sinuate in spectahilis, etc. 



The relationship of Marumba with the Oriental l'oh/i>ti/chus is clearly demon- 

 strated by the sexual armature of the S. The development of the clasper apically 

 into a dorsal and a ventral lobe and the presence of two processes above the penis- 

 funnel point directly to Polyptychus trilineattis. 



It is very interesting to note that the African Likoma apicalis, which agrees 



