( 476 ) 



OXII. PHOLUS.-Tyi)ns : achnmn. 

 {<l,hhix Linne, S//4. X/?. ed. x. p. 489 (ITDH) (partiin). 

 iLtiiiiiirjilKi elcganx Hiibner, Saiiiml. Ex. Sr/ui,. t. 107 (1806— V). 

 Pholi(.i id., Ver:. hek. Sclnn. p. KM (1822) (partim ; type : cranior = achemoti). 

 Argeus id., I.e. p. I.'U (1822) (type : hihruKaie). 

 Diiphnix id., /.('. p. 134 (1822) (partim ; type : earns). 

 Ihip; id., I.e. p. IX (lH-.'2) (type : rilh). 

 Ajiriu.'i id.. I.e. p. 140 (1822) (pavtim ; type : cnirhnimhis). 



rhilitmjielu!! Harris, in Sillim., .Journ. Sr. Aii .K.xxvi. p. 2H0 (1839) (type : /axclutus). 

 Smerinthu.i, Lepell. & Serv. {mm Latreille, 1802), in Enc. MHh. x. p. 441 (1825). 

 CAopj-orawyOT, Mi'n^tries {non Duponchel, 1835), Enum. Corp. An/m. Miis. Petr., Lrp. Siijip!. ii. p. 02 

 (1857). 



(5"?. Genal process lar<;-e, triangular. Ton.y'ne long. Palims large, rounded 

 in dorsal and in lateral aspect ; not-scaled part of inner surface of first segment 

 large, the scales at the edge of this sjiace mostly short and broad. Eye large, 

 not lashed. Head not crested. Antenna sefiform, cylindrical in ? ; hook slender, 

 end-segment ])rodnced into a long and thin process wjn'ch is rongh with long 

 scales all round. Spines of abdomen conical, very long and strong, in one row, 

 sejmrate, except those on proximal segments, which stand close together and are 

 sliiirter and weaker. Hinder edge of merum of midcoxa not angnlate ; mid- and 

 hindtarsus with comb of moderately prolonged spines. 



tS. Scent-organ of forecoxa strongly developed. External row of spines of 

 hindtarsus often reduced, while the number of spines of the second row is enlarged. 

 Tenth tergite simple, long, slender (PI. XLIV. f. 1 — 5); no sternite [Smith, Trans. 

 Amer. Ent. Soc. xv. p. 140 (1888) confuses the anal cone with the sternite]. 

 Clasper large ; a patch of obliquely erect small frictiou-scales, which are not 

 very conspicuous, resembling those oi Pseudosphinx ; harpe broad at base, produced 

 into an horizontal process which is more or less curved upwards at end, and is 

 sometimes partly covered by a broad compressed lobe (PI. XLVII. f. 21. 22 ; 

 Pl.XLVIII. f. 1 — 9). Penis-sheath very slender for such large insects, resembling 

 that of Haemorrkagia, obliquely truncate, and the projecting part of the apical edge 

 produced into a process of variable length (PI. LIV. f. 26. 27. 28). 



? . Seventh sternite large, triangular, rounded at end, not truncate, apex not 

 spinose ; seventh tergite long, reaching far })eyond the apex of the sternite, ventral 

 edges distally close together, covering the vaginal region. Eiglith tergite more 

 or less sinuate, rather strongly chitinisod. Vaginal plate small, membrana(^eous, 

 except postvaginal part, which is obtusely triangular and much broader than long ; 

 orifice without special armature. 



Larva : green or brown, ta})ering in front, fourth segment swollen ; direction 

 of lateral markings dorso-frontal — ventro-distal ; horn long and v/i-shajjcd in first 

 stages, red, replaced in last stage by a smootli round tul)ercle. — Food-plants : \'itis, 

 A mpelopsis, Jussicua. 



Pnjia glossy ; head-case rounded in lateral aspect, often more convex veutrally 

 tiian dorsally ; tongue-ease not carinate ; abdominal segments punctured nearly 

 all over dorsally and at base ventrally : cremaster either conical, smooth, curved 

 ventrad, or flattened, triangular, rongh. 



Ilab. Neotropical and Nearctic Regions. 



Nineteen species are known, eighteen of wliich are in the Tring Museum. 

 There exist doubtless more in South and Central America. 



The genus I'holus is a very sharply defined one. The species have been 



