January 2, 1866.] JOURNAL OP HOBTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GABDENEB. 



13 



PiiLURES lA.B. r.).-There are many things '" /'''<'^^^™,° f ? ''4'* 

 gardeners are totaUy unable to render a reason, and wo *<=«' I"^' ° "f/ 

 lame nredic-ament as your gardener, and can Rive no reason from any de. 

 StFon ToHn^e us There has been no frost to injure such plants,H the 

 SeratiSTSd become reduced. The Luculia would 1>"V° ^^u', oth 

 nearer 51T than B5< bat in from m= to 65 the BeKonias and Cactus ought 

 tohave done weU We have known some such effects from the soil bemg 

 s^oake'drepcatldly with cold water in such dull -ef,^"- ^uUeW S'^Have 

 Ukely to be the case. Have yon been pamting the ^»f ^^f '.'''''X;^".?™ 

 von been lime-washing the walls with very hot lime, fresh ? or have you 

 had thH. uos frelh fainted, xvithout allowing them to become well dried 

 before nich beat wawUed ? Even when lampblack and O'l "« used, 

 a high emperature will throw off fumes that will .'°J"« '"°f,' 8°"^^^'; 

 onlels there is a gi-eat deal of air on. A rusty P/P.^^ °"«° J''="" *''*Tjie 

 fresh-painted one, if a high temperature mus be used «' ™'f • ™ 

 matter is of so much importance that we shall be Bll^d '* 8°™°. <>' ?"J 

 readers will give it their attention. There is no .f =r'«"^^,°* P"'!"?'?? 

 the water ? Or has anvthin" deleterious foimd its way into the water / 

 We have known an instance Sf a small stove from which the plants were 

 removed in the morniug, and all the wa Is and f ''f/ ^'lif Se leaves 

 magnesiau Umestone and snlphm-, and m a.week the most of the leaves 

 and flowers dropped. 



Vines from Eras (E/,«fs).-Vincs may be raised from eyes m a cool 

 vinery or Aeenhouse! If you obtain the shoots now 5;°" .f^.-jy '^ t"!™, 

 with the lower ends stuck in moist but not w^et soil, ?ii" ?^p"' h„n„/ 

 February, then make the eyes, pot theiu, and place in tl-^ 8"™''°™/=' 

 and keeii the soil just moist until the shoots appear, }> 1>™, '^"^y "^ '» °° 

 well supplied with water. You wiU see what was said on this subject at 

 page 529 of our last Number. 



Trees and Shbues from Seeds (r,iem).-Yoa can grow aU the follow- 

 ing from s™ed:-Thuj a occidentalis and orientaUs^ .^^r ^Red S" 

 caJpa, Lawsoniana, Goveniana ; Larch ;, Laburnum ^ J"'»'l'" .^ R«^,?'*!' ■ 

 HoUv ; Cedi-us deodara; Pinus sylve.tris, pmaster, >^»l»I^°^V^;,i*'!i?!™ 

 angustifnlia ; Evergreen Oak; Euonynius europ.eus ; Straw beiTy tree 

 Spanish Broom; Berberis Darwinii and others; Mountain Ash , Lao 

 Laurel, common and Portugal; Laurustiuus; P'^;^';^ Sweet Bnar. Judas 

 Tree- Chiste Tree- Bend Tree; Mahonia aqmfohum; Leycesteria loi- 

 mos^ ; OvUsus spfuosus and triilorus ; Cryptomeria W™><^" ' ^™;-;,^^^'^ 

 imbricati; Calvcanthus; Khododendron ; A/.alea; Amianthus glandulosa 

 and Rhamnus ilaternus. These are some that stnke us at the moment 

 and there are many more which we do not now thmk of, and even if we 

 did it would be of no use, for seeds of such plants are "»* "'^jsto^f 

 had, nor is it certain that they will grow when you have obtained them. 

 Seeds of any tree or shrub which you can obtain fresh y™ may p-ow, 

 and when you hare prociured them we shaU be glad to assist you, if in- 

 formed what they are. 



LAi-iKG Down a Lawn (A Constant Iteader).-Ii yon can obtain tiirt 

 from a piece of ground where the grass is naturally short close, and even 

 in surface, and, above aU, free from Daisies, Plantains, Dandelions and 

 other perennial weeds, then we should prefer employing turf to sowung a 

 mixtm-e of lawn grass seeds, for you would ohtam a la™ at once , but 

 if sods are only to be had where you can get them, and °°t;^l^"«>o" 

 would lilie to have them from, then we would advise you to sow a nnxtm e 

 of la^-ii-gi-ass seeds on your levelled piece ."J S^ojind taking care to have 

 It free from perennial weeds, and in good tilth Sow the seeds durmg the 

 first showery weather in April. The seeds ai-e best sown just befoie ram 

 after sowing, the ground should he gently raked over with a wooden rake 

 and immediately well rolled, and for this the surface must be so dry as 

 not to cUng to the roUer. By no means sow when the ground is wet but 

 on the contrarv, when it is in good working order. By July the pass 

 WiU gi-ow sufficiently to be fit to mow, afterwards cut it throughout the 

 summer and autumn every three weeks, except m dry weather. The mole 

 it is rolled the more the grasses will tiller and the firmer the lawn wUl 

 be. If vou were to give it a dressing of well-rotted manure m tlie follow- 

 ing February or March, and brushed this in during showery weather in 

 April it would vastly assist in forming a bottom, help to keep off moss 

 and insure a rapid .growth, without which you ™"°o"l'",'^'* °^f^,'^ 

 close lawn. If you object to the manure, a dressing of soot will be loss 

 objectionable. Dnrini the second summer the lawn ™ay be mown every 

 tei days, and you wiU have a lawn of very t^ne Kyasst^s without the weeds 

 naually found on those laid with sods, and it will not be liable to become 

 mossy so soon as if turf were laid, but you must also bear m mind that 

 it will not be so soft to walk upon. In a year you can have a good lawm 

 by sowing a mixture of lawn grass seeds, and you oan have one at once 

 by laying tm'f. If vou do not mind the appearance, and have an eye to 

 ultimate effect, then we advise you to sow the Syound and if you can 

 obtain good turf and do not mind the expense, then lay sods at once. 

 Procuring and laving turf is much more expensive than sowing. What- 

 ever vou do, do not lay bad turf, nor sow a mixtm-e of grass seeds unless 

 suitable for the soil and situation. 



Gripes SHANKrec, U M.ickcnzic).-We should say the fault is partly 

 owing to the roots of the Vines going so deep, and partly owing to over- 

 c™ping. With the Black Frontignan ripening so "mdly without signs 

 of shanking, we do not think that the fault is ownng ^ th? ^? ^ °f 

 Grape. The Golden Hamburgh is tender m many places, and will not 

 stand the same amount of direct sun as most "t^er Grapes The leave 

 are apt lo be scorched, and that affects the fruit, "'''fj^""^ '.^X'^^^ 

 from the glass, say from 18 to 24 inches, it will most ikely answer better, 

 and more especially when it has all the stock to itsel instead of a part. 

 The part of the pit might be examined as to the roots where the shank- 

 ing is most prevalent; but we would he mchned to try what a thinner 

 crop and watering whilst swelUng would do. It would be well every way 

 if the roots went no deeper than the 3 feet. 



Insects (N.).-The white powdery covering on the Beech bark is the 

 secretion, in vast quantities, of a waxy nature, from the bodies of count- 

 less individuals of a very small species of Coccus, whose history has not 

 been thoroughly investigated. Scoring the bark may be of service, but 

 scouring it would be much better. — W^ 



Weather Wisdom.— A correspondent, John Bryan, says, "WiU 'X.' 

 state how a .hart should be dra«-n nut for keeping the necessary notes re- 

 commended bv him at page 525 V Then, as to the mstruments roqmrcd ; 

 this is the greatest difficulty, for they are very expensive There are 

 some b.aromet,rs cheap enough, but I should like to know ,f they are to 

 be depended on. Will 'X' teU me which is the best kmd, .and what 

 would be the lowest price for one that could bo depended upon . 



Hbatibo from Boiler bt the Back of Kitchen Fire (IT. M^.).-W6 

 are not quite sure that we understand the description of the boiler, but 

 if it is 12 or U inches long, and 9 inches deep, and we presume much tha 

 same in width, and set behind a kitchen lire, with hre applied chiefly to 

 one side, then we do not think it would be sufflcicnt to keep the frost out 

 of an open glazed orchard-house 74 feet long by 12 feet wide, 11 feet high 

 at back and 6 feet in front, if the pipes from the boiler must pass through 

 the wall and be placed in the house 2i feet from the floor. If the boUer 

 could be heated below as weU as on the side, and the fire cou d be con- 

 flnod against it at night, it ought to heat about 150 feet of fonr-mch i^ipe. 

 and that would keep out aU ordinary frost ; but considering the height 

 at which pipes must be placed, and also the size of «"'.,1"'?"«; ;7'' *'''°^ '' 

 would he more economical to have a stokehole and boiler for the pnrpose 

 so that you could have the pipes just above the Aoor-level and also near 

 the front of the house. More piping will bo required if J^oy "^ P^^^^ 

 near the back wall. We would advise trying the half of the house first, 

 if you resolve on the kitchen boiler. It is much against the success ol 

 the plan that the boiler is so far above the greenhouse floor. 



Removing a Larbe Hodlt (C. P.>.-Were we sure of this mUd weather 

 eontmuing, we would move the twenty-foet-highHoUy tree from the 

 hedgerow directly, beginning with a trench 6 or 7 feet from the stem, 

 working the soU from among the roots with a m.attock and spade care- 

 fully saving the roots, undermining and securing as large a ball as we 

 could. The place should be weU trenched where you propose planting, 

 and the roots should be nicely laid out, pac^ked Jfurely, the ground 

 mulched to keep out frost, and if severe frost should take place in springy 

 a little old hay or Utter may be thrown Ughtly '"«' 'l"' ?"P' J^,'^ '"J.^^S 

 check evaporation and lessen the intensity of the frost, whicli w™'"^™ 

 up and scald the trees from the ^a-^t <! J™*-^''''™^^',?^''; J° ™v "^ 

 days in April, and onwards in summer, a little water sliould be throwri over 

 the plant in the middle of the day. If there should be ff^jof severe 

 frost before vou read this, you had better defer planting ™t 1 tl>^ «5^ 

 of March. The safest plan of aU. if you could defer the OP^™'"^'' ^^^^ 

 be to dig down a trench about 20 or 24 mches from the stem aU round, 

 cutting all the roots, and going deep enough to cut the ""st of the tap 

 roots, make some holes in the ball, water these two o'' tl'^^f ''™'"', '° 

 spring and summer, fill up round the haU with fresh »"«/„ ,^?' ?P*j \te 

 mould, and in the end of September Uft and plant. The outside of the 

 ball will have new fibres formed. 



Growing Fruit Under Glass (J- B-)--We can give you no great en- 

 couragement as to growing Vines, Oranges, and other Pla»t« , '■*'?''. ™f 

 Tou propose in your contemplated corridor, which is to be 40 'eet long^ 

 h feet w-ide, and 8 feet high of opaque materials on ™cj,«'i,''' ^ 8*™"^ 

 span-roof of glass, ends facing Isouth and north. As Po'-tland «ment is 

 what you are conversant with in your trade we ^'/l ''' ™'^<Lf w sUU 

 you are more qualified to judge of its "capabilities than we are, but stm 

 we have doubts that the sides of houses formed of wood standards 

 3 inches by 2 inches, 18 inches apart, and 8 feet abo™ gro""* J"*!^'" '"I 

 nailed outside, and plastered and rough cast with P°f land cementand 

 rough gravel, would be drier and warmer than brick, >' b"* ^."-^Xde 

 with small joints. Besides, the bricks ^^8" ''<'.™'''^^™*''S ' sant o? 

 with tar, aid when thoroughly dried would P'^, °ff f ° °°P ^ very 

 deleterious smell. We believe that the concrete w.aUsni.ght h^ made very 

 pretty as vou suggest, by making devices and figures ;"tf 8j«"s on tne 

 concrete ; but wrhaveno faith in yoartreesdo.ngweU trained against the 

 standards inside, and with no Ught except what may ™™'' '™" 'XS 

 roof, 8 feet from the bottom of the trees. ^'nesSc would flonrisn 

 chiefly after they grew up underneath the roof, but then il tney grew 

 thickly there, there would be no Ught for the Pla^Js below them AJl 



than two pipes for top o^at. "e nave laieiy ^ ^'j^ j 



^'!k^:^ ItL^ri^^A'iTon^l' rt^riaf for plunging 



"~s OF plants (■^.-^-i.,««,t-ssy= 'i/^ri:?^ 



3, Sempei-vivum? .'^^shed and disco oed( ^s^^^^^^^^^^.f . ^_ ^^^_ 

 i;ri^Sf^P^aJiSr3..^^M,.a^l,C^^ 



^;^:^^l^ZtL^m'aP^ U|rl 



fA"diaTitrc"a^ii?is^Venr;Tc|^^^^^^^^^^^ 



liv W )F) — 1, Lastrea, appears to be a narrow form ol i.. Qiiaiai.», 



the specimen is imperfect; 2, Lastrea Filix-mas. uUpha, Acton).--!, kcro 



ptr^ hl?pTdus ; 2^no .fruit, P-'^tvum t?ula fiS "^rHy^nn^m Sa- 



Lllir^'f Syi^l^^^mf ; S^SSsST t^: 



r'nSul^!\2;S!^^.^^^£~' ^^-^^ 



12, Brymn turbinatum, or nutans; 13, Bartiamia arcuaia. 



