622 



ELECTRICAL CHARGES AND ANOMALOUS OSMOSIS. II 



of water? The idea prevalent in work on cataphoresis, electrical 

 endosmose, or current potentials seems to be that the charge of the 

 particle or membrane is due to the adsorption of the ions of the salt. 

 Thus the transport curves in Fig. 1 would suggest that the cations 



280 

 260 



240 

 tn 

 ^ 220 



c 

 S 



o 



CO 



200 

 180 

 160 



-3 1^ 

 ^ 120 



ft; 



100 

 80 

 60 

 40 

 20 



n ^mLHHHHIillll 1M9M 

 ^ 1024 512 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 ^^ ^ ^^^ 



Concentration of salts 



Fig. 1. Influence of Li, Na, and K on rate of electrical transport of liquid 

 through a coUodion-gelatin membrane at pH 3.0. The rate of transport increases 

 inversely with the radius of the cation. 



increase the positive charge of the walls of the pores in the gelatin 

 membrane and that this increase occurs inversely with the radius of 

 the three cations. 



The influence of the three cations on the charge of gelatin particles 

 was measured directly in the following way. Doses of 1 gm. of pow- 



