626 



ELECTRICAL CHARGES AND ANOMALOUS OSMOSIS. II 



at the beginning and Table II gives it at the end of the experiment. 

 The salt solution was positively charged and the outside solution was 

 negatively charged. The reader will notice that as soon as the con- 

 centration is above m/64 the p.d. across the membrane increases in 

 the order of KCl < NaCl < LiCl, and this corresponds to the dif- 

 ference in the transport curves in Fig. 1 which also begins to become 



TABLE I. 



Influence of Concentration of Salt on the Value of E. 

 P.D. in millivolts across a collodion-gelatin membrane between different con- 

 centrations of salts of pH 3.0 against H2O of pH 3.0 (acid used, HCl), at beginning 

 of experiment. Sign of charge of salt solutions positive. 



TABLE n. 



Influence of Concentration of Salt on the Value of E. 

 P.D. in millivolts across a collodion-gelatin membrane between different con- 

 centrations of salts of pH 3.0 against H2O of pH 3.0 (acid used, HCl), after 20 

 mimites from beginning of experiment. Sign of charge of salt solutions positive. 



marked when the concentration of the salts rises above m/64. We 

 must, therefore, conclude that the difference in the transport curves 

 in Fig. 1 is due to the difference in the influence of KCl, NaCl, and 

 LiCl on the p.d. across the membrane. This p.d. is, perhaps, essen- 

 tially, but not exclusively, a diffusion potential. Since K has the 

 greatest and Li the smallest mobility of the three ions, it is to be 

 expected that the diffusion potentials lead to such differences in the 



