10 Mae., 1919.] Green Manurial Crops and " Take All." 173 



Individual Plots Compared. 



Taking the bare fallow plots, one would at least expect that they 

 would approach each other closely in the numher of diseased plants 

 present. Yet one (Plot 20) hore 15 per cent., while another (Plot 15) 

 bore only 10 per cent, of diseased plants. The foniier :plot appears 

 to have heen very wet in the early part of the season, and this may 

 have, to some extent, rendered the plants more liable to attack. 



Pease ploughed in (Plot 13) gave 15 per cent. "Take all," and 

 pease fed off (Plot 18) 10 per cent. Where pease have been used the 

 disease is less, and the crops better ; in fact, the disease was less and the 

 crops slightly better than on the bare fallows. 



On the plot where rape was ploughed in (Plot 11), "Take all" 

 equalled 15 per cent., and where rape was fed off (Plot 16) there was 

 12 per cent. " Take all." A considerable difference in the apparent 

 bulk of the crops was noticeable, Plot 16 having, to all appearances, a 

 far better yield. In my judgment, it was the best crop in the whole 

 series. 



Barley ploughed in (Plot 12) gave the highest record of disease of 

 the whole lot, viz., 60 per cent. " Take all." Barley fed off (Plot 17) 

 had 25 per cent. "Take all" present. Even the combined average for 

 the two plots shows the highest record for " Take all " in the whole 

 series. Barley has been recorded in Victoria as the host of OphioholuS 

 jgrayninis, Sacc, and possibly the alternation of wheat and barley for 

 the past six years has in great measure infected the soil. Where the 

 whole plant has been ploughed under, the infection is highest, while, on 

 the other hand, where the barley has been eaten down the disease was 

 -35 per cent. less. Why this is so one cannot say with observations 

 extending over one season only. 



. Where rye-vetches were ploughed in (Plot 14), "Take all" showed 

 ^5 per cent., and rye and vetches fed off (Plot 19), 56 per cent. These 

 plots are not comparable on account of the variation in combination. 



So far as one can gather from the one season's observations, pease, 

 either fed off or ploughed in, seem to give the cleanest crop, so far as 

 " Take all " is concerned. Bare fallow follows next in order ; and, on 

 the whole, I think that no better system of cultivation has yet been 

 devised than wheat after good, well-worked, clean fallow. If the rota- 

 tion be wheat alternating with fallow, it is better to burn the stubble 

 of the previous crop. By doing so, a great many fungus diseases are 

 partly killed out, especially " Flag smut," Urocystis tritici Koern 

 and " Take all," Ophioholus graminis, Saec. 



Hosts of " Take atjl." 

 The hosts upon which the "Take all" fungus has been recorded 

 are — 



1. Wheat Triticum vulgar e Vill. 



2. Oats Arena saliva. L. 



3. Barley Tlordeum vnlgare. L. 



4. Barley grass Hordeum murinum. L. 



5. " Soft Brome " grass Bromus mollis. L. 



6. " Spear grass " Bromus sterilis. L. 



7. "Wheat grass" Agrojjf/ron scabritm. Beauv. 



