10 JuNE^ 1919.] Rich Milk in Cheese-making. 373 



Propagation. 



The litehi can be propagated iby seed and by grafting. The seeds 

 should bb sown as soon as they are ripe in order to insure a large 

 percentage of germination. They .should be sown in earthenware pots, 

 or shallow, wooden boxes, in the bottom of which has been placed a 

 layer of rough pieces of charcoal. Over this spread a fold of half- 

 decayed- leaves, and then fill the pot or box to within an inch of the 

 j-im with rather sandy loam, which should be pressed down firmly. 

 Sow the seeds thinly and evenly, covering them lightly with soil, and 

 set the pots or boxes on rough ashes in a wiarm situation. When the 

 seedlings appear, it is essential that they be watered very carefully. 

 They will require protection during the first winter of their existence. 

 If a glass house or frame is not available, some temporary shelter must 

 be provided. In the succeeding spring, the young plants will be large 

 enough to be transferred singly to pots, and with ordinary attention 

 they should be ready for transplanting to their permanent positions 

 twelve months later. If only a few seeds are being sown, they may be 

 placed singly in small, well-drained pots, and when the seedlings are 

 well established they may he transferred to larger ones, finally planting 

 them out when the proper season arrives. 



To perpetuate any variety true to type, propagation by layering is 

 necessary. Layers should be put down in spring, before the new growth 

 commences. With ordinary care and attention in the way of watering, 

 &c., the layers will be sufficiently rooted by early autumn or in the 

 following sipring to he transferred to their permanent positions. 

 Branches that cannot be brought down to the ground may be layered in 

 extemporized wooden boxes filled with soil and placed on raised plat- 

 forms. Layers treated in this way should be watered regularly in warm 

 weather. Where a number of trees are to he planted, they should be 

 set out similarly to other fruit-bearing trees. It will take ajbout 100 

 trees to plant an acre. Each tree should be carefully planted, tied to 

 a stake, and mulched. For a few years after the trees are planted, 

 dwarf-growing crops, such as potatoes, &c., could be raised between 

 the rows. The only cultivation required for the trees will be to keep 

 the weeds down and the soil well loosened with a hoe or light scarifier. 

 Very little pruning will be necessary beyond maintaining a well- 

 halanced head and a clean stem for a few feet above the ground, and 

 the removal of all weak branches and those that override eaeh other. 



RICH MILK IN CHEESE-MAKING.* 



It is due to the present high prices realized for all classes of cheese, 

 as compared with its equivalent in the form of butter, even in whole 

 milk-producing districts, that considerably more cheese is being made 



* Biprint?d from The New Zealand Dairymm, 19th January, 1918. 



