442 Journal of Agriculture, Victoria. [10 July, 1919. 



worked and suitably manured. The fertilizer used by Mr. Williams 

 on bis crop of about 4 acres was blood and bone manure, whicli was 

 applied at the rate of 4 cwt. to the acre. 



" The weight of the cabbage in the photograph was 32 lbs., and it 

 measured 3 ft. 8 in. across. Whilej of course, it is not typical of the 

 crop, a great number of similar dimensions were cut, and frequently 

 not more than four could be placed in a chaff bag. The average weight 

 of crates containing four dozen of these cabbages was 560 lbs. 



" Other places in the Frankston and Somerville district have given 

 equally good yields. It is careful culture on patches having a good 

 clay subsoil that enables the growers to bring such cabbages to maturity 

 and perfection during the summer without irrigation of any sort." 



DUAL PURPOSE CATTLE. 



The dual-purpose breeds of cattle are supposed to be good both for 

 milk and for beef. Of course, the scawniest Jersey will produce some 

 beef and the fattest Hereford cow will give some milk. But between 

 these two extremes are a number of cattle which claim to be fairly good 

 both for beef and for milk. Of these the most famous is probably the 

 milking Shorthorn (says Wallace's Farmer). 



About 200 years ago a Mr. Dobinson, who lived in the county of 

 Durham, England (from whence the Shorthorns first came), brought 

 over from Holland several bulls, which were very likely of the sort that 

 are now called Holsteius. 



Probably these bulls improved the dairy qualities of the original 

 Shorthorn cattle. 



At any rate, when one of the original Shorthorn improvers (Mr. 

 Thomas Bates) began to work with them, he found a number of cows 

 which were very excellent milkers as well as good beef animals. He liked 

 the combination idea, and kept records both of the amount of beef and 

 the amount of milk produced with a given amount of feed. To this day 

 Bates' Shorthorns are noted for their milking qualities. After E'ates' 

 time the mo.it popular of the breeders swung away from the milking 

 idea for a great many years, but the common farmers, both in England 

 and in the United States, depended very largely on the Shorthorn or 

 Durham as a milk cow. Over half the milk in England is produced by 

 Shorthorns. During the past 10 or 15 years there has been a great 

 revival of interest among certain pure-bred breeders of the milking type, 

 and to-day we have Shorthorns which have made records in milk and 

 butter-fat that compare favorably with any breed. Some of the best 

 have made records of around 20,000 lbs. of milk and 1,000 lbs. of butter 

 in a year. The best tyjie of milking Shorthorns is very similar in 



