636 Journal of Agriculture, Victoria. [15 Oct., 1919. 



Lyallpur agricultural station. Federation, so far, has done best in 

 India on fairly heavy land, and, unlike many wheats, it responds 

 bountifully to good cultivation. In the neighbourhood of the Peshawar 

 agricultural station several cultivators' have harvested over 30 maundt 

 (40 bushels) per acre of Federation, and in one valley of the north-west 

 frontier province it is estimated that 1,000 acres of it were sown this 

 season. 



—The Fanner and Settler, New South Wales, 29.7.19. 



WHITEWASH AS A PAINT SUBSTITUTE. 



A whitewash that is almost as serviceable as and cheaper than the 

 cheapest paint for wood, brick, or stone, has been used by the United 

 States Governmient for whitewashing lighthouses. It has also been used 

 to embellish the east end of the White House in Washington. The 

 whitewash is made as follows: — 



Slake half-a-bushel of lime with boiling water, cover during the pro- 

 cess to keep in steam, strain the liquid through a' fine sieve or strainer, 

 and add to it a peck of salt, previously dissolved in warm water, 3 lb. 

 of ground rice boiled to a thin paste, and stirred in while hot, ^ lb. of 

 Spanish whiting, and 1 lb. of clear glue previously dissolved by soaking 

 in (.old water, and then hanging over a slow fire in a small pot hung in 

 a larger one filled with water. Add 5 gallons of hot water to the mix- 

 ture, c^tir well, and let it stand a few days, covered from dirt. It should 

 be applied hot, for which purpose it can be kept in a kettle or portable 

 furnace. By the addition of colouring matter various shades of colour 

 can be obtained. The colouring matters generally used are ochre, 

 chrome, Dutch pink, raw sienna for yellows and buff, Venetian red, 

 burnt sienna, Indian red, or purple brown for reds; celestial blue, 

 ultramarine, indigo for blues; red and blue for purple grey or lavender; 

 red lead and chrome for oraoge; Brunswick green for greens; yellow 

 ochre added to the whitewash gives a cream colour ; lamp-black or ivory 

 black produces a pearl or lead tint; 4 pounds of umber to 1 pound of 

 Indian seed and 1 pound of lamp-black makes fawn, and 4 pounds O'f 

 umber and 2 pounds of lamp-biack produces the common stone colour. 



— The Wednesday Review (India). 



ORCHARD AND GARDEN NOTES. 



E. E. Pescott, F.L.8., Pomologist. 

 The Orchard. 



Cultivation. 



Orchard ploughing should now be finished, and the main work for 

 the next few months will be an endeavour to keep the soil surface loose, 

 friable, and well opened. The consolidation of the surfaces must be 



