43 JOURNAL OF FORESTRY 



Natural draft dry kilns. A dry kiln in which heat is provided by steam piped 



within the kiln, circulation of air being secured by means of ducts opening to 



the exterior. (Gen.) 

 Needle gate. In a logging dam sluiceway, narrow timbers or poles with two or 



more squared faces which are placed in contact across the opening of the 



sluice to prevent the outflow of water. One or more "needles" may be removed 



without disturbing the remainder. (Gen.) 

 Syn.: bracket gate. 

 Nick. See Undercut. 

 Nigger, n. See Steam nigger. 

 Nipper, v. A member of the steel crew, who by means of a crow-bar and a 



block used as a fulcrum holds the end of the cross-tie against the base of the 



rail while the spikes are being driven. (Gen.) 

 Nominal measure. In the European import lumber trade, the full measure of a 



board before it is surfaced. 

 North Carolina pine. Pine lumber cut in the Coastal Plain region of Virginia,. 



North Carolina, and South Carolina. (S. F.) 

 Nose, V. To round off the end of a log in order to make it drag or slip more 



easily. (Gen.) 

 Syn.: snipe. 

 Notch, n. See Undercut. 

 Notch, V. To make an undercut in a tree preparatory to felling it. (Gen.) 



Syn.: box, undercut. 

 Novelty siding. See Drop siding. 



Odd lengths. A term applied to lumber the length of which is in odd feet. 

 (Gen.) 



Off bear. See Off bearer. 



Off bearer, n. One who stands directly behind the log saw in the mill and 

 seizes slabs and boards as they come from the saw, placing them flat on live 

 rollers. (Gen.) 



Syn.: off bear, saw tailer, swamper, tail sawyer, take-away man, slab strip- 

 per. (S. F.) 



Offset, n. A device attached to a sawmill carriage frame and also to one of the 

 axles of the carriage trucks, which automatically shunts the carriage frame 

 away from the saw line when the carriage is gigged back. (Gen.) 



Ogee (O. G.). One of the most widely used moldings, having a double curve 

 formed by a coneavei and a convex line. (Gen.) 



One-block hold. See Block hold. 



Open, V. See Tension. 



Open-fire kiln. See Arkansas dry kiln. 



Open up a saw, to. To increase the tension. (Gen.) 



Out of round. A circular saw is said to be "out of round" when its periphery is 

 not a perfect circle. (Gen.) 



Output, n. See Cut. 



Overhang, n. The forward pitch given to a pile of lumber. (Gen.) 



Overhead canter. See Log turner. 



Overhead saw. See Top saw. 



Overhead trimmer. A trimmer, the saws of which are hung above the trimmer- 

 table. (Gen.) See Trimmer. 



Overhead turner. See Log turner. 



Overrun, ». The difference between the mill cut of merchantable lumber and the 

 log scale. Usually calculated as a per cent of 1,000 feet log scale. (Gen.) 



Overside delivery. Delivery direct from a vessel to a scow or barge. 



