FOREST TERMINOLOGY 47 



Rafting dog. A wedge-shaped piece of metal with a ring or eye in the blunt 

 end. Dogs are driven into boom sticks and often into the timbers being 

 rafted, the raft members being held together by chains, cables, or rope, passe-l 

 through the rings or eyes. 



Bafting pin. A round or wedge-shaped wooden pin used to wedge cable in the 

 rafting pin holes on a raft. (Gen.) 



Rag a wedge, to. To roughen the surface of a wooden wedge with an ax to 

 prevent it from jumping out of the saw cut in frozen timber. (E. C.) 



Rake, v. (Turp.) To clear away all grass and other inflammable material from 

 the base of a bled tree. (S. F.) 

 Syn.: weed. 



Raker, n. On a cross-cut saw, the chisel-like points, alternating with saw teeth; 

 which loosen and remove the severed fibres from the saw cut. (Gen.) 

 Syn.: cleaner. 



Ramp. See Dock. 



Ram pike. A tree broken off bv the wind, with a splintered end on the portion 

 left standing. (N. F.) 



Random -width shingles. Shingles of widths varjdng from 2 to 16 inches. There 

 is no uniformity of width in the shingles in each bundle. (Gen.) 



Rank, i\ To haul and pile regularly, as to rank bark or cordwood. (Gen.) 

 Syn.: yard. (N. W.) 



Ranking bar. See Handbarrow. 



Ranking jumper. A wood-shed sled upon which tanbark is hauled. (N. F.) 

 Syn.: bark dray. (App.) 



Ratchet setter. See Block setter. 



Ratline, n. A rope through which at intervals small pins are driven into the 

 logs which are to compose a raft joint. Its purpose is to hold the logs together 

 until the boom poles can be adjusted. (E. C.) 

 Syn.: rattling line. 



Rattling line. See Katline. 



Rave, n. A piece of iron or wood which secures the beam to the runners of a 

 logging sled. (N. W., L. S.) 



Rawhide, v. To carry on one's back. Usually applied to the carrving of tan- 

 bark. (App.) 



Rear, n. The up-stream end of a drive; the logs may be either stranded or 

 floating. "Floating rear" comprises those logs which may be floated back into 

 the current; "dry rear," those which must be dragged or rolled back. (Gen.) 

 Syn.: tail end! (N. W.) 



Rear-end dogger. See Dogger. 



Receder, n. A device on a sawmill carriage for receding the knees away from 

 the saw line. It may comprise either a coiled spring properly adjusted on 

 the set shaft, or a system of gears and a friction pulley by means of which 

 the set shaft can be revolved. (Gen.) 



Receiving boom. See Storage boom. 



Red cypress, f'ypress himbor which has a deep color. (S. F.) 

 Syn.: black cypress. 



Red heart. See Firm red heart. 



Red top. A western yellow-pine tree the foliage of which has a reddish appear- 

 ance when attacked by beetles of the genus Dcndroctonus. This occurs dur- 

 ing tlu! fall of the year after the tree is attacked. (R. M. F.) 



Refuse, v. That portion of a tree which cannot be removed profitably from the 

 forest or utilized profitably at the manufacturing plant. (Gen.) 



Refuse burner. An open or inclosed structure in whii'h surplus slabs, sawdust, 

 bark, and other sawmill wood refuse are burned. The open burner consists of 

 a brick, sheet metal, or wire screen erected between the sawmill building and 

 the open fire, while tlic inclosed typo consists of a ruiuid brick or steol 



