72 JOURNAL OF FORESTRY 



Undercut, v. See Notch. 



Undercutter, n. 1. A skilled woodsman who chops the undercut in trees so that 

 they shall fall in the proper direction, (Gen,) 



2. A tool used to support the back of a cross-cut saw when a bucker is 

 making a cut from the under side of a log. (P. C. F.) 



ITnidercut trimmer. A trimmer, the saws of which are hung below the trimmer 

 table, cutting from the underside of the board. (Gen.) 



Underhold rolL See Undercant hold. 



Underweights. The difference between the association standard and actual rail 

 shipping weights of shingles and lumber. These products are sold on the 

 association standard shipping weights. By kiln-drying, shippers are able to 

 reduce the actual shipping weight below the standard and thus profit by the 

 difference in the freight charges. (Gen.) 



Union drive. A drive of logs belonging to several owners, who share the ex- 

 pense pro rata. (N. F.) 



Upright roller. See Koad roller. 



U/S. (Unsorted.) A term used in European lumber trade quotations. 



Unstacker. One who removes dry lumber from dry -kiln trucks. (Gen.) 



Uppers, n. See Finish. 



Upset, n. See Swage. 



Value, V. See Cruise. 



Valuer, n. See Cruiser. 



Van, n. 1. The small store in a logging camp in which clothing, tobacco, and 



medicine are kept to supply the crew. (N. W., L. S.) See Commissary. 

 2. Clothing and small ware supplied to woodsmen. (E. C.) 

 Veneer, )i. A thin piece of lumber cut on a veneer machine. There are three 



kinds of veneers, namely, sawed, sliced, and rotary cut. (Gen.) 

 Vertical band resaw. See Horizontal band resaw. 

 Vertical-grained. See Quarter-sawed. 

 Virgin, a. (Tiirp.) A term applied to a box or cup during the first season the 



tree is bled. (S.F.) 

 Virgin dip. (Turp.) The crude turpentine secured during the first year a tree 



is bled. (S. F.) 



Wagon box boards. Lumber used in the manufacture of wagon box sides. 

 (Gen.) 

 Syn.: box boards. 



Wagon sled. See Logging sled. 



Wane, n. Bark or the lack of bark or a decrease in wood from any cause on the 

 edge of a board, plank, or timber. (Gen.) 



Waney lumber. Lumber which is not square edged. 



Wanigan, n. A houseboat used as sleeping quarters or as kitchen and dining- 

 room by river drivers. (N. W., L. S.) 



Warp, v. To tow a boom of logs with a headworks or alligator. 

 Syn.: kedge. 



Washboard, v. In sawmilling, a term used to denote the action of a saw which 

 makes ridges on lumber. (Gen.) 



Waste, n. (Log.) On a logging operation, that portion of the tree which has 

 merchantable value, but is not utilized. The standard varies with the species, 

 location of the timber, and market conditions. (Gen.) 



(Lum.) Waste at a sawmill is that portion of the log having a merchant- 

 able value which is not utilized. Sawdust and refuse used for fuel, and those 



