86 JOURNAL OF FORESTRY 



hitherto, but during the past season was found on Pinus edulis and 

 Pinus monophylla. Although this fungus has had opportunity to pass 

 to planted Pinus strobus in Colorado and to native Pinus flexilis and 

 Pinus aristata it has not done so, although the Cronartium itself is now 

 definitely known to have been on Ribes in Colorado for at least 20 

 years. It is thus evident that whatever may be the final classification 

 of this fungus with respect to name, it does not need to be considered 

 in relation to the 5-needle pines. It is probably a native fungus which 

 is in no danger of becoming epidemic and which attacks only Pinus 

 edulis and related species of nut pines. 



On the whole, then, we may say that the situation west of the Missis- 

 sippi is hopeful. The quarantine now established may be expected to 

 prevent further shipment of 5-needle pines or Ribes into this territory, 

 and so the danger lies entirely in the possibility that the disease may 

 have been introduced into this territory in the past and is not yet found. 

 As has been said repeatedly, if the blister rust should be introduced into 

 this territory and should once become established under western forest 

 conditions, its control even locally would be hopeless. Investigations 

 have shown that there is a continuous distribution of susceptible species 

 of Ribes connecting the ranges of the different species of 5-needle 

 pines and providing natural means for the rapid spread of the disease 

 throughout the West. 



In the territory from the IMississippi River to the Hudson River the 

 situation is on the whole hopeful. The disease has not been found in 

 any State south of Ohio. In Minnesota and Wisconsin the eradication 

 areas which were cleaned up last year have remained clean. However, 

 extensive infections have been found outside of those areas in Minne- 

 sota and smaller infections in Wisconsin. There is still, however, good 

 reason to suppose that the disease can be eradicated where found, the 

 danger lying in unknown infections which may yet be discovered. 

 Michigan has been thoroughly scouted and, with the exception of one 

 infected nursery, has been found free from the disease. The infected 

 lots of pine in this nursery have been destroyed. The disease has not 

 yet been found in Illinois or Indiana and at but one place in Ohio, and 

 that a nursery. All pine stock in this nursery has been destroyed. In 

 western New York many infections occur on Ribes, some of which have 

 been eradicated and some not. It is interesting to note that the Geneva 

 area, where the disease was first found 12 years ago, is now apparently, 

 after years of effort, free from the disease, at least on Ribes. If the 

 disease does not recur, this place will serve to demonstrate that advance 

 infections, even of considerable age, can be successfully controlled. 



