114 JOURNAI. OF FORESTRY 



which has been going on for seven years-. As far as we know, Mary- 

 land is the first State to have such a comprehensive and detailed survey 

 made, unless the forest survey of the Province of Nova Scotia is ad- 

 mitted to be of the same class. 



The general discussion occupies only 30 pages, followed by detail 

 descriptions, county by county, each county accompanied by a map on 

 a scale of 3 miles to the inch, showing the distribution of types of forest 

 and conditions by colors and signs, including stand of saw timber. The 

 whole information for each county, character distribution and uses of 

 forests, with tables of lumber and lumber cut, is condensed in 4 pages. 

 Summaries and an account of the forest laws of Maryland occupy 12 

 pages at the end of the volume. 



Briefing the generally interesting facts, we may state the following : 



While 51 per cent of the 9,891 square miles of land area are im- 

 proved farm land, 14 per cent are waste and marshy, the balance of 35 

 per cent, equal to 2.228 million acres, are woodland. Three broad com- 

 position types are recognized, namely, mixed hardwoods, which occupy 

 65 per cent ; pine, which occupies 15 per cent, and mixed pine and hard- 

 wood, 20 per cent. Less than i per cent of virgin forest remains. 

 While in some sections clearing is going on rapidly, in other parts aban- 

 doned fields grow up to forest, so that the total remains about the same. 

 There are 70 species enumerated, of which, however, a number is with- 

 out economic value. 



One chapter is devoted to a discussion of the uses of the forest; 

 lumber production in 1914, amounting to around 230 million feet b. m., 

 representing a value of $3,800,000, now largely distributed over the 

 whole State and promising to continue at this reduced rate for many 

 years. A guess is made that the per acre increment over the whole 

 State may not exceed 15 cubic feet, making the total growth around 33 

 million feet as against a consumption of 47 million feet and the stand 

 of timber 318 million cubic feet. 



Pulpwood, piling, mine props, cordwood, cooperage stock, poles, rail- 

 road ties, and tanbark are referred to as contributing to forest revenue, 

 which may be altogether placed at 5 to 6 million dollars. 



The State has so far only four small forest reserves, not quite 2,800 

 acres in all, partly donated, partly purchased. Park purposes and per- 

 haps small demonstrations of silvicultural management may be served 

 by these areas. 



Two notable examples of municipal forest ownership are cited, 

 namely. Baltimore owning a water reservoir tract, of which 2,000 acres 

 arc \voi)ded, and Frederick owning T,200 acres of wooded watershed. 



