302 JOURNAL OF FORESTRY 



the entire range of the insect and continually help to keep it in check. 

 These are its parasitic and predacious enemies. Of the former, there 

 are two species common enough to do effective work. These are 

 Burytoma pissodis, an undescribed Chalcidid parasite, the description of 

 which will soon be published by Girault," and Lonchea rufatarsus, a dip- 

 terous parasite. The most important predaceous enemies are birds. 

 Such birds as the chickadee feed upon the weevil larvae, picking them 

 out of the infested terminals, and the ground- feeding birds, such as 

 the ruffed grouse and the towhee, find the adults in the litter about the 

 trees. 



SUMMARY 



(i) The white-pine weevil, Pissodes strohi Peck, injures young 

 white pines, Norway spruce, and to a lesser extent Scotch pine, by 

 killing the terminal shoots. 



(2) The eggs are deposited during the spring and early summer in 

 the inner bark of the terminal shoots, and the larvae work their way 

 downward beneath the bark, girdling the shoot. They pupate in cells 

 in the pith or beneath the bark, emerge as adults during August and 

 September, and hibernate in the litter beneath the trees. 



(3) The weevil is distributed throughout the range of the white pine, 

 but the infestation is heaviest in the Eastern States. 



(4) Young trees between the ages of 5 and 30 years are subject 

 to attack. 



(5) The weevil prefers thrifty, rapidly growing trees in the open. 



(6) Generally speaking, the denser the stand the lighter the weevil 

 injury. 



(7) The most economical and effective method of controlling the 

 weevil in forest plantations is by close planting, although other effective 

 measures have been suggested for ornamental plantings or small planta- 

 tions. 



(8) Parasites and predaceous enemies of the weevil help to keep it 

 in check, although they can never be depended upon for the complete 

 control of this pest. 



(9) At present the white-pine weevil is not a serious pest in Minne- 

 sota, although it may become so in the future, but in the Northeastern 

 States it is worthv of serious consideration. 



*The description of this species has been sent for publication to the Bulletin of 

 the Brooklj'n Entomological Society. 



