REVIEWS 237 



siders our 11 as the European III and our III as the European V, 

 which is open to question, in view of what Zon has pointed out. (See 

 final number of the "Proceedings of the Society of American For- 

 esters," p. 441). The author reaches the interesting conclusion that 

 "lack of management rather than any inherent deficiency in growing 

 qualities was the factor most largely responsible for the less favorable 

 showing of red spruce." 



The methods of cutting are good as far as they go, but do not go 

 far enough. In the first place, they should have been definitely corre- 

 lated with the different types so well described on previous pages. 

 How this may be done is shown in the article by Bryant on "Silvicul- 

 ture at Axton and in the Adirondacks Generally," in the November 

 number of the Journal. In comparison with this article's unequivocal 

 statement (p. 894), that "in general, if the softwoods are logged to a 

 diameter limit on hardwood land, there will be no substantial natural 

 reproduction of the softwoods," the bulletin's advice (p. 47), that "the 

 elimination of the hardwoods need not be carried out so severely," 

 seems feeble. 



The author's terminology should be brought up to date. "Shelter- 

 wood compartment method" is no longer in good repute. The disser- 

 tation on "Clean cutting in strips" is interesting, but will it meet the 

 test of practical logging requirements? Bryant in his article disposes 

 of it with the terse comment: "Some recommend a strip system two 

 tree-lengths wide. This was not regarded as feasible from a logging 

 standpoint" (p. 895). 



The chapter on "Improvement cuttings" is interesting, but (what a 

 remark from a professor!) chiefly from an academic standpoint. For 

 example, the assumption (p. 57) that "at the time of removal of the 

 hardwood cover, in the forty-fifth year, the understory of spruce would 

 have a development parallel to that of a 25-year-old stand which had 

 started in the open," runs counter to the hard-headed fact which Bryant 

 records (p. 894), that "softwoods . . . have little or no increment 

 or reproduction, potentially commercial, unless the hardwoods are cut." 

 What a pity the author of a bulletin on red spruce could not have at- 

 tended this Axton conference of men who think in terms of red spruce 

 as it is and not as it ought to be ! 



The sections on brush disposal and sowing and planting are excellent. 

 The author gives the following figures for co.st of planting with differ- 

 ent classes of stock, using a 6 by 6 foot sjiacing: 



2-year-old seedlings 5^5-4 V^^ ^crc 



3-vear-old transplants ^A^ P^t acre- 



4-year-old transplants '<>'>*^ I'*^t acre 



