PERIODICAL LITERATURE 241 



"The mean annual precipitation over the Allegheny slightly exceeds 42 inches, 

 while over the Monongahela it is 45^ inches. In the former, in the northern sec- 

 tion, the maximum reached, to 1912, was about 60 inches, and in the latter, south- 

 ern section, nearly 81 inches. The records of the many stations do not disclose 

 any material change, at least in the amount of annual precipitation. 



"The maximum discharge of the Allegheny, at the mouth, has been estimated 

 at about 300,000 second feet and the minimum over 900. The Monongahela maxi- 

 mum, 41 miles above the mouth, 207,000 second feet falling to about 160 for the 

 minimum. The flood wave of 1907, which remained above the danger line, 22 feet, 

 about 61 hours, discharged a total of about 76 billion cubic feet ; the volume above 

 the danger line amounted to nearly 26 billion cubic feet. This serves to indicate, 

 in a manner, the stupendous amount of water that goes to waste annually. 



"As to the causes of the floods, it is evident that they are chiefly due to heavy 

 concentrated precipitation, but deforestation must have influence in the frequency 

 and height." 



The Upper Ohio River Drainage Basin. Forest Leaves, October, 1917, pp. 

 66-68. 



SIU'ICULTURE, PROTECTION, AND EXTENSION' 



Andrews has recently reported a field study on 

 Agency of Fire the effect of fire on the natural regeneration of 

 in Propagation longleaf pine in northern Georgia near the ex- 

 of treme inland and upland limit of its range. The 



Longleaf Pines author calls attention to the recognition by other 

 writers of the part played by fire in longleaf-pine 

 reproduction and then goes on to describe his own observations in con- 

 siderable detail. He states that he "has recently been favored with 

 exceptional opportunities for investigating this subject by means of an 

 experiment carried on by Nature herself in the native home of the 

 longleaf, with all the exactness of detail that could be expected in a 

 well ordered laboratory."' 



Many of the southern slopes in the region studied are covered with 

 the remains of great forests of longleaf pine interspersed with scrub 

 and shortleaf pines and numerous hardwoods. They have been re- 

 peatedly cut for lumber and have been frequently burned over by 

 ground fires. The author states that the longleaf pine continues to 

 reproduce itself on these slopes with a pertinacity which will in the 

 course of a generation or two, if not interfered with, rcpopulate tlieni 

 with a new forest growth sprung from the old stock. 



There are few traces of longleaf-pine forests on the northern slopes, 

 although there are traditions of their former presence there. The 

 writer finds the "natural experiment" alluded to in two small isolated 



