454 JOURNAL OF FORESTRY 



ally infected and on ribes at least quite generally found through the 

 Province; east of the Hudson River the situation "could hardly be 

 worse." the only hope for the future growing of white pine lying in 

 local control by eradication of ribes. 



Aspects favorable for the control of the disease are first of all the 

 fact that Geneva, where the disease was first found twelve years 

 ago. is now entirely free from the disease after years of effort. Fur- 

 ther, the fact that in Minnesota two large areas, and in Wisconsin and 

 New York one each, and several small areas in Pennsylvania, Ohio, 

 and Indiana, have been apparently freed from the disease is reassur- 

 ing. Again, the progress of the disease is slow ; the oldest infection — 

 that in Kittery, Maine — is apparently fifteen years old; and yet the 

 number of trees infected within the eradication area of three square 

 miles does not exceed lo per cent of the whole number, although the 

 infection is complete in the immediate vicinity of the oldest infection. 



"Still more hopeful for the continued growing of white pine is the 

 fact that in areas where the disease is generally prevalent local control 

 measures can be inaugurated at any future time by the elimination of 

 ribes." In this connection we may point to the similar eradication 

 of the wheat rust: it is in part a question of relative values of the two 

 host plants and the cost of eradication. 



The vigorous prosecution of the work of locating and eradicating 

 the advance infections is recommended in the other territories. 



Dr. Spaulding reports on the results of the scientific investigations 

 during the past season. The over-wintering of uredo pustules on 

 ribes seems demonstrated. No immune varieties have been found. 

 Animals, especially insects, are apt to spread infection by carrying 

 spores ; on the other hand, squirrels and gypsy moth feed on the blis- 

 ters and eat the infested bark, and in this way reduce the number of 

 spores. 



Brush disposal from cut pines is essential, since such brush carries 

 the fruiting bodv through the winter. 



B. E. F. 



Foothills Vegetation in the Colorado Front Ranges. By Arthur G. 

 Vestal. Bot. Gazette, November, 1917. Vol. 64, No. 5, pp. 353-385. 

 Illus. 



The study of the vegetation and plant geography of the eastern 

 mountain front in Colorado has been carried on for some time by 

 Vestal, first in the prairie and now in the foothills vegetation. 



