REVIEWS 587 



merous over large areas, may suffice for a snow survey, since at a given 

 season and place densities are fairly uniform (varying by about 25 per 

 cent of the maximum, according to Church), still the measurement of 

 the water content is much more reliable, and this alone is all that is 

 necessary, and is readily accomplished by means of the snow sampler 

 and weighing apparatus. 



5. Snow surveys, to be of value from the engineering standpoint, 

 should be supplemented by measurements of evaporation from the snow 

 surface and from natural or artificial reservoirs. For the former, shal- 

 low pans filled with snow, and sunk level with the snow, if observed 

 and refilled daily, may give a fairly good conception of the rate of loss. 



The main thing that foresters should learn from this paper and take 

 to heart is that haphazard snow measurements, or those based on only 

 a few water-equivalent determinations for any area, are likely to be 

 misleading and will certainly "melt into thin air" under the scrutiny of 

 those who deal professionally with the snow problem. 



C. G. B. 



Forest Regeneration on Certain Cut-over Pulpzvood Lands in Quebec. 

 By C. D. Howe. Commission of Conservation, 9th Annual Report. 

 Ottawa, Canada, 191 8. 



As an introduction to his study of reproduction on cut-over pulp- 

 wood lands in Quebec, Dr. Howe states that the extent of the pulpwood 

 resources in Quebec and Ontario is practically unknown. Yet these 

 two provinces contain the largest timber-producing area in eastern 

 Canada. Furthermore, they have wonderful transportation facilities, 

 both natural and artificial, and are relatively near the great markets of 

 the world. He states that in the summary of the pulpwood resources 

 three different lines of inquiry should be presented, namely: (a) stock 

 taken of the commercial materials now available; (b) a study of the 

 area of growth and reproduction of pulpwood species; (c) the repro- 

 duction of pulpwood species on cut-over lands. 



Field studies on the rate of replacement of pulpwood material, by 

 reproduction and by growth on cut-over pulpwood lands, were made 

 by the Conservation Commission in the St. Maurice Valley in co-opera- 

 tion with the Laurentide Company and its forester, Mr. Wilson. The 

 type of forest where the studies were made was mixed conifers and 

 hardwoods, with occasional patches of pure hardwoods and others of 

 pure conifers. The swamps and old burns were not studied. The aver- 

 age of the type studied contained the following species and in the fol- 



