PERIODICAL LITERATURE 619 



tion of by-products is accentuated, and the possible increase in the pro- 

 duction of alcohol by the wood-pulp factories is pointed out. Some 

 167 factories are in existence, half of them producing mechanical wood- 

 pulp. Altogether somewhat over i million tons of paper-pulp were 

 exported. It is interesting to note that charcoal production is still a 

 significant item, and that it is largely manufactured from wood waste 

 at the mills, either in meilers or in ovens. Of the 117 million bushels 

 of charcoal used at the metallurgical works, over 30 million come from 

 wood waste at the mills, but the bulk is still made in meilers in the 

 forest. Various sawmills, also, have tar ovens, in which, besides the 

 tar, other products of dry distillation are distilled from wood waste, 

 and over $500,000 worth of such products is exported. 



International Review of the Science and Practice of Agriculture, January, 

 1918, pp. 1-8. 



MISCELLANEOUS 



Even in far-away India the truth which the 

 Roads German foresters have long ago found out, that 



Profitable good roads ]:)ay. has been lately substantiated. 



The valuable Sal forest of Jariakhal was accessi- 

 ble only by means of a turbulent river, running by rapids through a 

 forbidding gorge ; it was practically inaccessible and no contractor could 

 have afforded to pay more than 4 cents per cubic foot. A seven-mile 

 road, partly through very difficult country, was built at a cost of around 

 $13,000. The first felling, made this last winter, paid for the whole 

 construction and a hundred per cent in addition on the investment ! 

 During the first 20 years it is expected to secure a revenue of $6,000 

 per annum net, after allowing for upkeep, etc. 



Indian Forester, January, 1918, pp. 1-6. 



L. H. Bailey coins a new term, "cultigen." in 

 What is juxtaposition to "indigen," to designate plants 



a in cultivation, the origin of many of them being 



Cultigen/ unknown, as in the case of Zca Mays, canna, 



blackberries, roses, magnolias, and a host of 

 others which may or may not be hybrids of known species. The in- 

 teresting discussion is brought forward to point out the necessity for 

 botanists not to treat these plants as outcasts, but to be recognized as 

 facts in the nomenclature. The author does not advocate a particular 

 proceeding, but merely asks the question, how these cases are to be 

 handled. 



The Indigcn and Cultigen. Science, March 29, 1918, pp. 306-308. 



