KNOT ZONES AND SPIRAL IN ADIRONDACK RED SPRUCE 



'83 



factors determining the variation of tables constructed from the dia- 

 gram. Attention is called to the enlargement of the lower 4 feet of the 



IX.,^, ^^U. /-. 



Fig. 3. — Sise and occurrence of knots i>i Ihc first iS feet of an average red spruce 



Outer log line shows form of tree ^5 inches in diameter 4}^ feet from ground, inside bark. 

 Other lines show ohtlines of 20, 15, 10, and 5 inch trees. Zone i, clear of knots. Zone 2, 

 dead-pin knots less than Yi inch. Zone 3. dead knots Yi to i inch. Zone 4. dead knots over 

 I inch in diameter. Zone .s. live knots. 



tree bole, which though free from knots will have a crook in the ring 

 grain which cannot be eliminated in sawing the log into hiinbcr. 



