KXTRA COSTS IN I^OGGING 911 



to, and in bringing in extra short lengths. These extra costs apply 

 largely to steam yarding. A considerable part of California pine cut, 

 however, is yarded with horses. 



A study was conducted in the yellow and Jeffrey pine region by Log- 

 ging Engineer Swift Berry during 1915 for the purpose of determin- 

 ing the extra costs of yarding on Government timber sales. The results 

 of this study show that the total time involved in Government delays 

 was approximately 3 per cent of the entire time devoted to yarding. 

 Under Government regulations 169,480 feet board measure were yarded 

 in 35 hours and 6 minutes, which isequivalent to the rate of i thousand 

 feet in 12 minutes and 25 seconds. The loss time in terms of money 

 amounted to about $0.06 ])er thousand feet board measure. 



SXAO DISPOSAL 



During the summer of 1917 the writer conducted a study on a timber- 

 sale area on the Plumas National Forest for the purpose of gathering 

 data on the cost of snag disposal. The following summary is a result 

 of this study : 



Species 



'S. P. Y. P. D. F. W. F. l.~C? Total 



Number felled 20 44 17 46 13 140 



Average d. b. h 28.80 23.70 37.88 36.00 20.77 29.9 



Average Time for Two-man Crew in Minutes 



Walking 2.89 2.65 2.51 2.06 2.34 j.44 



Swamping 42 .66 1.30 .82 .23 .72 



Barking 72 .31 2.88 2.28 .27 1.30 



Undercut 3.83 2.81 5.81 5.47 2.52 4.17 



Sawing 6.85 5.87 8.39 9.53 4.42 7.38 



Resting 2.79 4.28 4.53 6.05 1.27 4.41 



Total time i7-.=>'> 16. 58 25.42 26.21 11.05 20.42 



There were two men employed in the snag-disposal work. The wages 

 ])aid amounted to $6.25 per day of 10 hours, or the equivalciU of $0.0104 

 per minute. .\t this rate the cost of felling the average snag was $0.21. 

 In actual practice there are not more than three snags per acre to be 

 disposed of and usually not as many as three per acre. On the basis of 

 the above, this would not exceed a cost of $0.63 per acre. For the sale 

 in question the cut per acre was about 31,000 feet board measinx-. At 

 this rate the cost of snag disposal per thousand feet of loggcfl limber is 

 about $0.02. 



Several years ago a time study was conductt-d to deteiniiiu' the a)st 

 of felling snags on a Government timber sale on tiie Sierra .National 

 Forest. A record of the cost of felling 35 snags, with an aver.igi- diam- 

 eter breast high <>f 28 inches, was $0.24 per snag. 



