914 JOURNAL OF I'ORKSTKV 



Other things being equal. The difference in quahty is chiefly in the pine 

 timber, and the. explanation lies simply in the fact that the reservation 

 from cutting by the Forest Service of the smaller and younger trees of 

 the stand results in a larger average sawlog. The amount of increase 

 in quality expressed in money amounts to from 50 cents to $1, or an 

 average of 75 cents per thousand feet when based on current grade 

 selling prices. 



Time studies of felling operations indicate that the unit volume cost 

 of felling small timber is much greater than for larger timber. The data 

 collected by the writer during 1917 shows that the unit cost of felling 

 a tree 30 inches d. b. h. is 25 per cent greater than the cost of felling a 

 tree of the same species 40 inches d. b. h. The small increased cost of 

 felling on account of avoiding other timber is easily offset by the saving 

 in applying the falling to a larger average tree. 



It is a serious question whether the whole expenditure on extra fire 

 precaution is not more than offset by the reduction in fire-fighting ex- 

 pense. Some of the progressive lumbermen are taking the view that 

 the preventative measures required by the Forest Service are well worth 

 while from the saving of fire-suppression expenditures that are a result 

 of unpreparedness. 



Summing up the items oft'setting the extra cost of logging: 



Increased quality 75 



Felling and bucking 01 



Fire-protective measures 02 



Total $0.78 



Xet Results 



Summary of extra costs $0,855 



Summary of items ofifsetting extra costs 0.78 



Extra costs net $0,075 



