44 



JOURNAL OF HOBTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GABOENEB. 



[ Jolr IS, 1608. 



Mr. Perry showed o stand of secdlinj; Verbenas, to throe of which — 

 Biamg Star, the Rev. J. Dix, ondBnttcrfly — a first-class certificate was 

 swarded. Mr. R. H. Vertepans, of the Chad Valley Nurseries, sent 

 several fine collections of Roses not for competition : and Mr, F. 

 Hodges, of the Imperial Nnrserr, Cheltenham, eibibitcd a stand of 

 twenty. four speciincus of the white Clove Carnation, The liride. 



A highly commendable endeavour was made to benefit one of the 

 local charities, in connection with the Show, by setting apart a stall 

 for the sale of boacjacts, the proceeds of which should be given to the 

 General Hospital. 



Amongst the exhibitions of horticultnral implements, Messrs. Mapplo- 

 bect exhibited a large number of iron ornamental vases, which were 

 distribnted in diilerent parts of the hall. lu addition, they sent a great 

 variety of croqnet and garden seats, garden tables, engines, syringes, 

 &c. Messrs. K. W. Winfield and Co.. of the Cambridge Street Works, 

 exhibited a number of boantiful cast-iron garden seats, with imitation 

 cushions, the utility of which many of the visitors practically proved. 

 Mr. W. Spnrrior, the electro and silver-plate manufacturer, hcid a 

 number of specimens of his art, suitable for table ornament. 



The general arrangements for the Show wore very efficiently carried 

 out under the snperintendcnce of Mr. K. W. Badger, who was most 

 indefatigable in his exertions to insure success. The Judges were, in 

 the nurserymen classes, the Rev. S. R. Hole, Messrs. C. Turner, and 

 S.Evans. For amateurs, Messrs. G. Paul, T.Walter, Gill, J. Kejnies, 



B. R. Cant, and the Rev. R. O. Carter. In the open classes, the Uev. 

 E. N. Pochiu, and Messrs. S. Hibbcrd and C. J. Perry. The follow- 

 ing is the prize list : — 



NcESERYMEK. — Sevcnty-two varieties (single trusses).—!, Messrs. Paul 

 and Son, Cheshunt. i, Mr. J. Cranston, Hereford. 8, Mr. R. Cant, Col- 

 chester. 4, Mr. J. Keynes, Salisbury. Forty-eight varieties (three 

 trusfies). — 1, Messrs. Paul & Son. 2, Mr. J. Cranslou. 3, Mr. J. Keynes. 

 4, Messrs. H. Curtis & Co., Torquay. Twentv-four varieties (three 

 trusses).—!, Messrs. Paul & Son. 2, Mr. Cnnt. 3, Mr. J. Keynes. 4, Mr. 

 J. Cranston. Open to rentdentf in thr couiitUs of Warwick, Worcester, or 

 Stafford only. — Twenty-four varieties (single trusses). — ], Perkins & Sons. 



2, Mr. J. Jennings, Shipston.on-Stonr. 3, Mr. J. Jaclison, Kidderminster. 

 4, Mr, T. Walter, Leamington. Twelve varieties (three trusses). — 1, Per- 

 lons & Sons. 2, Mr. J. Jennings. 3, Mr. J. Jaclison. 4, Mr. C. Kimber- 

 ley, Stoke. 



AuATEUES. — Open to the United Kingdom. — Thirfy-six varieties (single 

 Tusses).- !, Mr. T. Draycott, gardener to Mr. T. T. Paget, Humberstone 

 Hall. 2, Rev. S. R. Hole, Newark. Equal 3, Sir. E. Draycott, gardener to 

 Mr. E. Stndd, Hullerton Hall, and Mr. K. E. Postans, Brentwood. Equal 

 4, Mr. S. Evans, gardener to Mr. C. N. Ncwdegato. M.P., Arbury, and Mr. 

 T. Laxton, Stamford. Twenty-four varieties (single trusses).—!, Mr. R. 

 Draycott. 2, Mr. J. W. Chard. 3, Mr. T. Lloyd, Warwick. 4, Rev. P. M. 

 Smytbe, Solihull, he. Rev. G. Arkwright, Pencouibe Rectory, Bromvard. 

 Eighteen vorietics i three trusses).— !, Mr. C.J. Perry. 2, Mr.'R. Draycott. 



3, Rev. C. H. Bulmer. 4, Mr. T. Laxton, Stamford. Twelve varieties 

 (single trusses .-!, Mr. R. B. Postans. 2, C. J. Perry, Castle Bromwich. 



3, Rev. S. R. Hole. 4. Rev. G. Ark\vright. Open to residents in tbo 

 counties of Worcester, Warwick, or Stafford only. — Twenty-four varieties 

 (single trusses).- 1, Mr. C. J. Perry. 2, Rev. P. M. Smythe. 8, Mr. S. 

 Evans, Arbarv. 4, Mr. W. Brown, Elmdon. Twelve varieties (single 

 trusses' !, Mr. C. J. Perry. 2, Mr. S. Evans. 3, Mr. J. Parnell, Rugby. 



4, Rev. P. M. Smythe. Open to residents xrithin/our milc^ of Stephenson 

 TUtce, Birmingham, only, — Twelve varieties (single trusses). — 1, Mr. 



C. Cooper, gardener to Miss Anderton, Moseley. 2, Mr. J. E. Mapple- 

 heck, Moseley. 3, Mr. J. Plrie, Erdington. 4, Mr. T. A. Bickley, Small- 

 2>rook Street. Six varieties (single trusses). !, Mr. C. Cooper,'MoseIey, 

 2, Mr. J. E. Mapplcbeck. 3, Mr. T. A. Bickley. 4, Mr. H. E. Lowe, Edg- 

 baston. Limited to Amnteurs leho have never prcvioivilii von a prize for 

 ItOBes. — Twelve varieties (single trusses).—!, Mr. C. Butler, Castle Brom- 

 wioh. 2, Mr. J. Pirie, Erdington. 



Open.— Colleclion of twenty-four now Roses, sent out by English nur- 

 Berymen in the spring oJ !867, 1858, or 1869 (single trusses).— !, Mr. J. 

 Keynes. 2, Paul & Son. 8, Perkins & Son, Coventry. Best new Rose 

 Bent ont by English nurserymen in tbo spring of !867, !868, or 1869 (six 

 trusses).—! and 2, Mr. J. Keynes ; ! tor Madame Rothschild, 2 for Mons. 

 Noman. 3, Mr. B. R. Cant, Colchester, fcr Miss Ingram. First-class cer- 

 tificate awarded to J. & C. Lee for Rose Edouard Morren. Twelve varieties 

 (single trussps). Teas, Koisettes, Chinas.— 1, Mr. B. R. Cant. 2, Mr. J. 

 Keynes. 8, Paul & Son. Twelve varieties (single trusses). Summer 

 Roses, including Provence Roses, Moss Roses, Gallica, Hybrid Bourbon, 

 Alba, and Damask Roses. — 1, Mr. W. Brown, Elmdon. 2, Mr. Laxton, 

 Stamfoid. Best Design of Roses and Rose Foliage, arranged suitably 

 for room decoration.— 1, Mr. J. W. Chard. 2, Rev. G. Arkwright. 3, Miss 

 Bulmer, Hereford. Best Bouquet for the hand, entirely of Roses and 

 Bose buds, foliage not restricted to that of Roses.— 1, Mr. J. Cranston, 

 Hereford. 2, Mr. J. Jackson, ICidderminster. 3, Miss Mort, Staflord. 



Open to Ladies oni.v.— Best Design for Dinner-table Decoration, 

 Roses to lio the imly flowers naod, foliage not restricted to that of Roses, 

 but left til the taste ol the designer.- !, Miss Cole, Eiichficld. 2, Mrs. M. 

 Bailey, Stafford. 3, Miss Mort.— (.iris's Birminqham Ga;:ette.) 



VINES .■^^ AN ORCHARD HOUSE. 

 I HAVE an orchard house GO feet by IG, planted with Black 

 Hapabiirigh Yicea in the borders iuside, and trained on rods 

 16 inches from the glass. Two seasons ago the crop was plen- 

 tiful and ripened eplendidJy in September; last year the mildew 

 attacked all the Vines, and this year is showing again. Can you 

 give me any advice? My gardener and I differ on the treatment 

 as to air. He keeps the house shut np night and day. There 

 are ventilators to about every 10 feet of roof, and perforated 

 zinc 3 inches deep the whole length of the house along the top 

 ol the back wail (the house is a lean-tol, all of which he will 



stop np if allowed. The lights in front are all made to opea 

 as well, and there are doors at each end. How much air oiiight 

 I to give during the day '.' Ought the ventilators and the 

 front lights to be open at the same time ? I notice the berries 

 are larger and more healthy-looking quite at the top, nearest 

 the zinc ventilators. The heat of the honse during the day is 

 intense — more like a stove heat. Ought this to be so, the 

 house being merely an orchard house on Mr. Bivers's plan, with 

 no fire heat ? — Kate. 



[It is not always an easy matter to hold the balance between 

 the employer and employed, and we have often been found fault 

 with for leaning to the weaker side ; but whether we be blamecl 

 or not, we shall make a few remarks on the above letter. 



In the first place, if the description of the treatment is cor- 

 rect, we have no hesitation in saying that keeping the house so 

 closely shut np night and day was one of the surest means to 

 have plenty cf mildew ; and if the soil was at all damp, nothing 

 could more tend to make the mildew spread. What we are 

 surprised at is, that with such heat and no ventilation, there 

 were not scorching and scalding as well. We presume that the 

 safety-valve in this direction consisted in the 3 inches of per- 

 forated zinc at the top of the back wall, left open, we presume, 

 in the warmest days. But for this, ventilators every 10 feet at 

 the apex of the roof would not have been sufficient, and we do 

 not know if there is sufficient ventUation, as we do not know 

 the size of the ventilators. The great use of the perforated 

 zinc, if left open, would be that the temperature of the honse 

 would liso gradually, that the hottest and moistest air wonld 

 escape, and thus, though the house became very hot — "more 

 like a stove heat " — the scorching would be prevented, though 

 the close atmosphere would encouiage mildew. What we would 

 consider necessary now would be to leave the perforated zinc 

 open in this hot weather night and day ; to sprinkle all the 

 mildewed parts with flowers of sulphur from a dredger or large 

 pepperbox ; and to gradually increase the quantity of air, 

 having as much ventilation as possible in hot sunny days from 

 one to two o'clock, and then gradually diminishing the amount 

 until about -4 p.m. The chief object, even in hot weather, of 

 shutting all up, except the strip of zinc at night, would be to 

 enclose a certain amount of sun heat, so as to bring the Grapes 

 on, and thus give them the fall benefit of being protected by 

 glass. Diminishing the ventilation in such an unheated honse 

 would be effected on much the same principle as lighting a fire 

 for a regular vinery, it being a matter well understood that, 

 even for keeping, Grapes ripened in September will hang better 

 than those ripened in October. We know that in such summers 

 as the last, provided there was plenty of ventilation during hot 

 sunny days, the Grapes would have ripened well with a reduced 

 quantity of air all night, such as would be supplied through 

 the perforated zinc. Tlie management in this case becomes a 

 very easy matter, but wo cannot alwajp expect such summers; 

 and for a honse of Vines with no artificial heat, we should like 

 the Vines to be growing and ripening at that season when most 

 heat was to be obtained from the sun. For this purpose, in a 

 cool house for Vines, wo would give plenty of air in spring, so 

 that the Vines should break slowly and late, and when fairly 

 broken we should gradually lessen air, so that the Vines should 

 have a fair heat when in bloom and setting. After that, if our 

 object was safety and early ripening, we would either leave a 

 little air on all night, or make sure to give a little early in the 

 morning ; and as the sun increased in power we would increase 

 the ventilation in a lean-to house, giving the top ventilation 

 first and the front last. On the same principle wo would re- 

 duce the amount of air again gradually, so as to enclose sun 

 heat. 



If this could not be attended to, then we would prefer having 

 a moderate amount of ventilation night and day, instead of 

 keeping the honse so close. On large sheets of glass the sun 

 has great power, but with the temperature rising gradually 

 with ventilation, sun heat seldom or never injures. Thus, in a 

 coo! glass house, with or withont air at night, the temperature 

 at night may range from 13° to o-V or more, and by day rise gra- 

 dually with ventilation to as much as B.J' or 90°, or even more, 

 and no distress will be experienced by the plants ; while the 

 same heat in a close atmosphere might be ruinous. Hence, 

 when little trouble and labour are to be given, ssy in the case 

 of a gentleman who docs the work himself, and is away from 

 ten to four, we should from the middle of June, or earlier if 

 the weather were fine, give a little air all night, and before we 

 left in the morning give as much air as would keep the house 

 safe, though the weather should be changeable. This art is 

 easily learned in a few days, and people gain confidence when 



