190 



JOOBNAL OF HOBTICULTDRK AWD COTTAGE GARDEMBB. 



r Btptrcbw *, Utf. 



morniag of AofinEt 31~t the tb«rmnmeter legieteied the Bame 

 temperatare — vir., 3* btlow freeEiu«." 



NOTES AND GLEANINGS. 



Tire tola! nnraber of vi-itore to tbe RoTiL HonTicoLTDB.iL 

 Socteiy'8 Gabdend on AngUHt 26lh. Ilie onnivercary of tbe 

 late Prince Cjof^oriV birtliday, was 60,870. This year, bad it 

 not been for tbe ffficieut eervioea of tbe metropolitan police, 

 the gardens wcold bave become tbe rendezvous of the coster- 

 moDger and cheap jiok. Tbe "dodges" tried on by these at 

 the galea were surprising, and a great many passed tbrongh, 

 but were soon tnrned out by the pidice. It is tbe mischievous 

 boys that the Rjval Horticultural S icieiy want to keep out. 

 We regret to say that another of those beautiful vases on the 

 majolica fountain oanie to grief l>y these urchins. The class 

 of people for whom tbe day was intended keep away, although 

 B few respectable peoijle are to be seen, and tbe gardens be- 

 come for tbe time the property of the roughs. If it were not 

 for the services of the police, who deservo all credit, consider- 

 able injury would be done to the 8t<!iety'8 property. 



We received last autumn from America a small parcel 



of Early Kose Potato which v planted tbe same day with 

 Asbleaved Kidney, Ten-weeks, Gloucestershire Kidney, and 

 Coldstream tarly. As regards earliness, it is not to be com- 

 pared with either of these, being hardly even a second early. 

 The produce was on «n average i-ix good-sized and eight small 

 tubers to a stock. When o.Miked they boiled beautifully white, 

 and were mealy outside ; but inside they were close and watery 

 (not even wax.i), and tbe flavour rather disagreeable than 

 otherwise. 



"WORK FOR THE WEEK. 



KITCHEN GARDEK. 



The advancing erops of winter Broccoli and Borecole should 

 be kept frequently hoed, and vacant ground may yet be filled 

 up with the later kinds. Tbe autumn Cauliflowers and Broccoli 

 planted in shallow trenches ebouM bave these filled up, for 

 except in very dry situations the natural rains will afford suffi- 

 dent moisture. In earthing-up Celery, tbe greatest care is 

 necessary to prevent any portion of the" earth from falling into 

 the heart of the plant, which would prevent tbe uptight growth 

 of the inside leaves, and spoil its eppearance for the table ; nor 

 should the earth be pressed too closely round the upper part of 

 the plant, as frequently, when this is done, it bulges out below. 

 The beet practice is to tie each plant loosely with matting, after 

 removing tbe suckers and small leaves, and then a little earth 

 can be added every week as the plant grows taller. Another 

 common error, is earthing-up Celery too soon. It sh' nM be 

 allowed to grow to a considerable size before earthing-up is at- 

 tempted, and the ground should be frequency soaked with 

 water, as but little rain will reach the roots after earthing-up. 

 The plants should never be touched when at all damp. Car- 

 doovs will require similar treatment. Leeks in drills may have 

 earth drawn to them with the hoe. Onions must be stored in 

 a dry state, or they will not keep. As time permits, the Potato 

 crops may be taken up, beginning with tbe earliest kinds first. 

 Late Peas and Beans will require close attention to prevent 

 mildew ; well supply the farmer with liquid manure. Tomitocs 

 are likely to be late, and tbe leaves shading the fruit should 

 be removed ; prevent the plants making any further growth, 

 by constant stopping. On dry days, when the ground is in 

 working order, take up and store r.iota. stacking them in sand 

 in a cool place, whence they can he conveniently taken when 

 wanted for use. 



FRUIT OARDEX. 



For the last time go over Peaches and Nectarines, and nail 

 or tie-in further growths, at tbe same time remo\iDg any very 

 weak or eir-essively strong shoots not wanted for froilitg next 

 season. Tbe remaining shoots, being thinner, will derive 

 greater benefit, from tbe euuV rajs increasing the temperature 

 of tbe wall Remove leaves wbrre they prevent tbe fruit from 

 properly colouring. Tbe best kinds of Plums and Nectarines 

 shonld be protected from wasps and flies by some kind of 

 hexagonal netting. Continue to tie-in and stop Fig trees and 

 Vines on walls, and protect the frnit as above. Look fre- 

 qnently over Pears and Apples ripening, and gather those fit 

 for floriiig. Where Corrants are closely netted up, the trees 

 shonld he uncovered ocna^iomilly on fine dry days, so as to ex- 

 pose the fruit thoroughly to air, in <rrder to prevent injury from 

 damp. T:i-a and dress Strawberry plantations. 



rLOKBB OARDEN. 



Unless some preoantiona he taken to keep the taller plant* ia 

 the beds of geometric flower gardens wiihiu pioper limits, th«7 



will be likely, towards the end of the sen« to lircome too 



high, and mil destroy tbe uniform nppearoui'e es.-eutial to this 

 st}le of gardeoiiig. Planta likely to exueed tbe >-iabdard height 

 should, tberef.ire, he conslanlly wanhed ; and by fiequently 

 pinching back ur pegging-down, endeavour to keep beds o( 

 the same pattern at tbe same bei)jht. At ihia season beds of 

 flowering plants reqriire frequent cutiing back aud trimming, 

 to prevent a straggliug habit in free.gio»ii<K plants, a tendency 

 which the Ute raius «ill a'so increase. Allow no dead flowers 

 or seed-pods to remain on tbe plaoia. Dj cnreful aliention to 

 these matters, ihn season of blooming miy tre prolonged till th* 

 plants are deatri'yed by frost, lawns sboiild Ire well swept in 

 dry weather t'> remove wormcasts, and sloruld afterwards b« 

 well rolled. Where worms are very troiitrler-ome, water with 

 dear lime water of full strenglb, this will bring them to the 

 surface, when iliey may be desirojed. Cuttings of varioas 

 evergreens should now be planted to keep irp tbe stock in tbe 

 reserve garden. It will soon be time to h nise tender plants 

 from which cuttings are to be taken next spring, or which are 

 to be nsed again next season. Viriegaied Pelargoniums will 

 not bear much frost, and where plauts have to be wintered ill 

 situations which are not very suitable for them, they shoold 

 be taken up before they are at all iuj'ired, as they will be more 

 liable to damp, and to die back in winter, if the wrrod be at all 

 touched by frost. Except where there is a sofljuieut stock of 

 the variegated sorts, they should not be cot bauk, aa is usually 

 done with tbe oM scarlets, but should be kept over the winter 

 just as they are lilted from the beds, and cut back early in 

 spring after starting them into growth. Tbe cuttings will then 

 root very freely io heat, and in tbe ca-^e of Flower of the Day, 

 or other free-growing varieties, will make plants of a nsetol 

 size by turning-ou>i time, aud even tire strongest growers of 

 these do not cover a bed very quickly unless p'atited thickly. 

 The plants should, therefore, be wintered iu as large a state as 

 the accommodation will permit. Rroied cuttings of Verbenas, 

 and other plarrts, must he well attended to, keeping ihem per- 

 fectly clear of green fly, and exposing ihem fieely to air on 

 every favourable (rpportunity, so as to prevent growth after this 

 season, and keep tbe plants hardy, in which state they will be 

 much less liable to die off under a week or two of confinement 

 in winter, than if they were kept in a growing soft state until 

 overtaken by severe weather. Cuttings which are not suffi- 

 ciently established must, however, be treated somewhat more 

 tenderly, and should bave a gentle bottom heat to encourage 

 roots, but do nut keep tbe atmosphere close or moist, 



GUEENBoDSK AND CONSERVATOR!. 



In arranging pinn's in their wiuter quarters, on no accoont 

 allow them to be placed loo closely together. It should he re- 

 membered that but very few plants have as yet perfectly ma- 

 tured their wood, aud, consequently, as that ptircess is still 

 going on, they wilt rtquire air to play freely around them. 

 Plants, too, are expected to bear examination on all sides, and 

 it is impossible to obtain busby, compact plants, if they are 

 allowed to touch eiich other. On flat stages a lew may here 

 and there he elevated on inverted pots, to give a li'ilo relief to 

 the mass of gre n. As from placing the plart' fnitlier apart, 

 possibly room may not he found for all, the oldest and worst- 

 formed should be set aside to make way fur the more choice; 

 and as cut flowers are always iu request, the above may be 

 found useful to keep for that purpose, atrd msy he wintered in 

 vineiies, pits, or other bouses, where they will not interfere 

 with the arrangements. Unless tbe weaiher comioue dry. 

 Orange trees, if at all large, will soon require to be honsed, 

 as if heavy rains occur the soil in which they are growing 

 will be saturated with wet, end the leaves will turn to a sickly 

 yellow, which frequently remains throughout the wiuter. Be- 

 fore removing tbein to their winter quarters any that reqoin 

 additional room should bave fie^b pots or tubs, the present time 

 being the most favourable for the operation. As a compost 

 for the Citrua tr be, French gardeners use a mixture of loam, 

 peat, and rotten dimg in a state of black mould ; but the whole 

 will thrive in yellow tuify hram, snd thonrugbly rotten cow 

 dung, mixing a portion of broken charcoal with (be mass. Ira- 

 perfect draioage will soon cause disastrous results. Tbe plants 

 thrive all the belter if a little under rather ihan over-potted. 

 1 ho^e not requiring a complete shift bhonid have their drain- 

 age examined, and ihe diytiess of the si il noted, in order tO 

 regulate tbe winter treatment accordint^ty. As strrru as Japan 

 Lilies, Gladioluses, and plants of similar habit have ceased 



