December 2, 13). 



JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER, 



437 



yon cannot restrain them from blooming, only keep the roots 

 confined. They form spurs very closely, and with stopping the 

 shoots bloom at almost every joint, but stopping need only be 

 practised to secure shoots where wanted and good form. Lilt- 

 ing annually or biennially, will cluster the pot plants with 

 fiower bud?. They may be kept foryears in pots, forcing every 

 second year, though for very early bloom the most promising 

 of those forced in the previous year may be forced a second 

 time in succession. 



PniLADELPHus coKo>»ABiu3. — The Syringa, or Mock Orange, 

 requires the same treatment as the Lilacs, both as regards the 

 preparation and forcing of the plants. The scent of the flowers 

 is so powerful, that the air i3 made rather oppressive by it 

 ■when a number of plants are grown. One, or at most two, will 

 bo sufficient to have in flower at one time in a house ; but it 

 should be noted the scent is not so powerful in the flowers of 

 the forced plants as in those in the shrubberies. Small plants, 

 if removed frequently, and grown a year in pots as described 

 for the Thorn and Laburnum, bloom well. 



KiEES SANGciNECM, and its varieties album and atrorubrum, 

 respectively with red, white, and deep red flowers, are well- 

 known eavly-ilowering plants of no mean beauty, and though 

 common are not so generally forced as they deserve to be. 

 A well-grown bush of any of the varieties named is a fine 

 object when in full bloom in January, and so is a standard with 

 a straight clean stem, and a round head clustered with pretty 

 drooping flowers, when placed on a dinner-table in midwinter. 

 An 18-inch stem is quite high enough for that purpose, and for 

 greenhouses and conservatories any height from 18 inches up 

 to G feet will do. The best plants for tall stems are seedlings. 

 They grow more freely thau cuttings or layers, and form 

 siraighter stems, and more quickly. Besides, they seldom give 

 any troubl?. Tliere is the labour of grafting at the height re- 

 quired, and then we proceed to train the head in the form of 

 an umbrella, and when a good head is obtained take up and 

 grow the plants a year in pots, treating them in the same 

 manner as described for the Thorns. If one has not worked 

 plants, all he has to do is to select plants with clean straight 

 stems, and train them upright to a stake, removing all side 

 shoots as they appear, and when the desired length of stem has 

 been attained, head them over, removing all the eyes but three 

 of the highest up. These produce shoots in the following 

 spring, the pruning or heading-back being done in autumn, 

 and whilst the shoots are young and pliant bend them down 

 gently, bringing them to a horizontal position by means of 

 strips ef matting, taking care to dispose them equally all round. 

 When they have grown inches pinch out their points, and the 

 shoots which they afterwards make must be tied down so as to 

 give an equal growth on all sides. If the second growths do 

 not push more than :^ or 4 inches, let them alone ; but if 

 they exceed that length pinch them back to that. Do not lift 

 them in autumn, nor nee a knife, except to cut off any ill- 

 placed shoot. In the following year all that is needed is to 

 train down the lowest shoots and stop those disposed to grow 

 irregularly, and all of the shoots when they have made others 

 6 inches long, thinning them out wheje they cross each other, 

 so as to form a compact, symmetrical head. Lift and pot in 

 autumn. I then plunge the pots in coal ashes in an open 

 situation, £.nd water freely throughout the summer, placing the 

 plants in a warm fituation in August, and giving no more 

 water than enough to keep them from flagging. The leaves 

 fall early, and the plants are fit for forcing by November, and 

 in |ioiut of temperature succeed under the same conditions as 

 the Deutzia gracilis. The stems may be feathered by leaving 

 one joint or leaE on the side shoots, and a spur will probably 

 be the result ; if not, again pinch the shoot coming from it to 

 one leaf. The stem will be clustered with spurs, and when in 

 flower will have a good effect, especially when surmounted by a 

 well-bloomed head. 



Pyramids are formed in the same manner as in the case of 

 the Thorn, only as the shoots are disposed to grow erect, we 

 must tie them down before thoy become too stiff, stopping 

 them when G inches long ; and tlie side shoots produced, when 

 not required to fill vacancies, should be pinched off at the leaf 

 next the shoot from which they spring. Neat plants may be 

 had in two or three years, and when grown a year in pots are 

 very pretty. They may be taken up from the open ground, 

 potted, and forced at once, but there is no comparison between 

 them and those which have been established a year in pots. 

 Sandy loam, with a little leaf soil, is the most suitable compost. 

 •Jasmiscm officinale (White Sweet Jasmine). — This should 

 b« grafted on stems 18 to 21 inches high, and the erect shoots 



trained downwards, but all growing more than 9 inches long 

 should have their points pinched out ; and in spring, before they 

 begin to grow, thin out the shoots where too close together, 

 especially those which are the weak and crowded. Neat plants 

 may be formed in 6-inch pots, and these after the second year 

 are fit for forcing. Larger plants may be grown in larger pots. 

 The plants ought to be grown constantly in pots in a warm 

 situation, and towards September should be placed on coal 

 ashes in front of a south wall or fence, and no more water 

 given than enough to keep the foliage fresh. They ought to 

 be wintered in a cold pit, or under a south wall, the pots being 

 ylunged over the rim in coal a.=he3. Plants of the proper size 

 for forcing should have the wood well ripened by being placed 

 in a warm position in August, or early in September, reducing 

 the water given as much as possible, and placing them in a 

 cool dry house in October, where they should be kept dry, but 

 not so much so as to cause the wood to shrivel. Forcing may 

 be commenced in December. The temperature and treatment 

 are the same as for Spiraeas. 



Jasmixuh officinale geaxdiflorum is better than the old 

 kind, and blooms very freely when grafted on the common 

 Sweet Jasmine ; indeed, both kinds ought to be grafted, other- 

 wise they make too long shoots, but the grafting appears to 

 check the flow of sap, and tends to produce a more shrubby 

 habit. 



Jasmixum nudifloeum on stems a yard high has a fine 

 effect when the shoots hang down to the rim of the pot, and 

 are covered with a mass of bright yellow flowers. In a cpol 

 house it blooms at Christmas, and during January. No forcing 

 is required. — G. Aeeey. 



ENTOMOLOGICAI. SOCIETY'S MEETING. 



The iirst meeting of the present season was held on the 1st of 

 November at Bnrlingtoa House, Mr. H. \V. Bates, President, being in 

 tlie chair. Fifteen new members were proposed for election, and a 

 large series of donations to the Society's library announced, including 

 tlie publications of the Linnean and Zooloi^cal Societies of London, 

 nnd of numerous Natural History and ICntomoIogical Societies of 

 Europe and America, Two new parts of the Transactions of the So- 

 ciety were announced as having been publisbod since the last meeting. 



Mr. lanson, on behalf of Dr. Power, exhibited eight new species of 

 Beetles new to the British list, including four species of Brnchns, 

 Triartliron Maerckelii, captured at Ksber in July and at Shirley in 

 August ; also Phratova cavifrons from Esher, Cowley, and Darenth, 

 and species of Niptus and Silvanus. Mr. Grut exhibited various new 

 Beetles from Trebizond captured by M. Deyrolle, including four new 

 species of Cariibus. Mr. McLachlan exhibited a series of specimens 

 illustrating the transformations of Mantispa pagana received from Dr. 

 Brauer, of Vienna, who has discovered that this species is parasitic in 

 the nest (or rather egg-ball) of a Spider of the genus Lycosa. In the 

 fall- grown larva state the feet are nearly obliterated ; the pupa closely 

 resembles that of Hemercbus, and is enclosed in a silken cocoon. 

 Mr. Ward, of Halifax, sent for exhibition some very fine and inter- 

 esting species of exotic Buttertiies, including the gigantic Papiho 

 antimachas, captured about two hundred miles east of Old Calabar ; 

 the only example hitherto known of this species was captured by 

 Smeathmann, and figured by Drnry and Donovan, and is now in the 

 collection of the late' Mr. W. S. MacLe.ay iu Australia, having been 

 purchased by him at the sale of Drury's collection. The female of 

 the very beautifal Omithopterus Brookeanus, of which only males 

 from Borneo had hitherto been obtained, was also exhibited ; likewise 

 P. zalmoxis, received by Mr. Cutler from the Cameroons, and several 

 tine species of Charaxes. 



Mr. F. Smith exhibited specimens of the rare Meloe rugosus cap- 

 tured in the middle of October, crawling among grass in the neigh- 

 bourhood of a colony of wild bees of the genus Anthophora, in which 

 they were supposed to be parasitic, near Southend, Essex. They are 

 extremely pugnacious, aud of twenty-five specimens captured and kept 

 alive only four remained perfect, the others having foogbt and lost 

 portions of their legs and antenu.-e. Mr. Albert Muller exhibited an 

 interesting collection of gaUs found upon various species of vegetables, 

 including two kinds of excrescences on the stalk of the Maple leaf, one 

 formed bv a dipterous insect, and the other being solid and thoru-like, 

 and sniip'osed to bo produced by the punctures of Acarus Aceris, which 

 ordiuarily forms Pear-shaped red galls on the leaves of the Maple. 

 It was stated that the extensive series of galls formed by the late Mr. 

 Armitage is now in the museum of the Philosophical Society of Leeds. 

 Mr. Wormald exhibited some species of Butterflies from Shanghai, 

 and Mr. Dunning some Moths from the same place, reared by Mr. 

 Holdsworth from the same batch of larvie. The Moths appeared, 

 however, to be identical with specimens named by Mr. Walker in the 

 British Museum (Eoua punctata, Lasiocampa remota, and Lebeda 



Professor Westwood communicated a letter received from Professor 

 Stal, of Stockholm, containing an account of all the typical coUections 

 of insects in the museums of Stockholm, Upsal, and Lund, uicludmg 



