6S6 



JOURNAL OF HOBTICULTUBE AND COTTAGE GABDENEB. 



[ December 34, 186a. 



dsmpisg that arises from drip — the resnlt of condensed mois- 

 ture on the inside of the glass. 



For similar reasons in all houses where there is a low tem- 

 perature, pay from 40' to 15° as the average night temperature, 

 whilst care is taken that Camellias, Cinerarias, ilcc, should 

 have enough of water, care should also be taken to spill as little 

 on the floor and paths as possible. In general the vapour rising 

 from the surface of the pots and floor will prevent anything 

 approaching a too-dry atmosphere in the house. Even in nights 

 of very severe frost it is often better to let the temperature of 

 the houfe sink fi' lower, but so as to be safe, instead of raising 

 the temperature at all above the average with lire heat, as the 

 higher the temperature inside the drier will the air be, and the 

 more greedily will it suck up vapour from every source, and 

 then, as the greater the diliurence betnccn the inside and the 

 ontside temperature, the greater will be the condensing power 

 of the glass, and. consequently, it no means be taken to prevent 

 it, the greater will be the amount of drip all over the house. 

 From Inattention to these facts, we have seen houses after a 

 frosty night with the roofs dripping like a shower-bath. With 

 some attention to these details, we had some line Camellia 

 blossoms as regularly marked all over from the drip from iron 

 bars as if a painter had dotted them. A safe but comparatively 

 low temperature inside, when it is very cold without, and care 

 in not using an excessive amount of water in watering, are the 

 simplest preventives to excessive drip from roofs, and thus 

 economy in fuel and labour too are our best helpers. AVe are 

 well aware of the importance in this respect of canvas covering 

 to arrest the free radiation of heat from the glass ; but, then, 

 many of us are glad to have the glass without venturing to have 

 these coverings, which prove very expensive. 



We know the importance of double ///d.-s yuufs in this respect, 

 more especially when tire air enclosed between the roofs is 

 almost still and shut in, but that, too, has some drawbacks j 

 besides the extra expense. We are convinced that, united to ] 

 the simple remedies referred to, a continuous sheet of glass 

 without laps will be a great security from drip, more especi- i 

 ally when by such a plan as that of Mr. IJeard the glass has I 

 the means of safely contracting and expanding. But as the ' 

 simplest plans will ever prove the best, we have little doubt 

 that ere long comparative warmth and freedom from drip will 

 be secured by using a lighter-coloured and much thicker glass, 

 though this will involve the necessity of stronger roofs. As 



Applofl v; Bleve 



Apricots doE. 



CuorriuH lb. 



CheRtntits basbel 



C arTHuts ^ ftleve 



Blaek do. 



FlKB doz. 



Filberts lb. 



Cobs lb. 



Gooseberries ..qnsrt 

 Grapes, Uotboaso . lb. 



LamoDS lUO 



Moluns each 



FEurr. 



d. s. d 



to 6 

 





 14 















1 











6 

 10 



8 



Hnlberrlcs .... qnert 



Nectnrlnes doc. 



OraoRU 100 



Penches doz. 



Pears, kitchen . . doz. 



dessert .... doi. 



PiDo Apples lb. 



Plams H sieve 



QiiiDces doz. 



Rnspberrles lb. 



Strafrberrles .... lb. 

 Walaat* basbel 10 



do 100 



TO CORRESPONDENTS. 



*» * Wo request that no one will wrilu privately to any of the 

 correspondents of the " Journal of Horticulture, Cottage 

 Gardener, and Country Gentleman." By so doing they 

 are subjected to unjustifiable trouble and expense. All 

 communications should therefore be addressed $olebi to 

 The Editors of the Journal of Horticulture, ttc, 171, Fleet 

 Street, London. E.G. 



X.B. — Muny questions must remain unanswered until next 

 week. 



SowiNO White Table Maize (V. B. B.).— Yon may sow it in 4-ineh 

 pot.<i, sheltered from frost, as your propose. 8ow daring March. Any 

 moderately furtile garden soil will do. Sow 1 inch deep. Plant oat in 

 May. 



Beech Scale Dfstroting (.-f S«?"crrih.-r).— Dross the trees with paraf- 

 fin oil now, applying it to even,* part with a brash. Clarke's romponnd, 

 3 ozs. to the gallon of water, applied at a temperature of IGQ^, will also 

 destroy it. 



Flue for a Forcisg Pit (O. A B.]. — Yon will see what Mr. RobsoB 

 and another correspondent say about fines in onr present number. 

 Should you adopt the plan recommended by Mr. Robson, we shall be 

 pleased to hear from you how it answers. 



Helleborus FtETiDrs (.( Sitbu'-ribT). — This native of England is 

 commonly cihllod Bear's-foot and Setterwort. Any herbaM^t ought to 

 obtain it for you, and any llurist who advertises in our Journal can f umiab 

 ; you with the other plant you name. 



1 V.iRiocs tr,. 7.1.— The pipes going through a tank, and covered witfc 

 i iron grating, will always secure you moist bottom heat. The pipes in a 

 1 hollow or chamber will alwavs give you dry heat, which you may moisten 

 ! if disposed. But for the additional expense we would eay. Have the 

 I tank. Either mode will give bottom heat to what yon wish to grow in 

 the pit, but when the roof is covered with Vines yon will not bo able to 

 ' in the pit permanently. The height of such pits is best 



grow much 



. _ , regulated by what is to be grown in them, and ease of access tb^reto, say 



a general rule, it may be considered that in winter the heat 1 sjfect at back, and 3 or 2( feet in front. The mode of having the front 



thrown from a firenlaca into a room sends about one-fourth of 1 of the house supported on piers, with 2-feet openings, will answer very 



well. On the whole wo prefer such openings to arches. A l-irder inside 



thrown from a fireplace into a room sends about one-fourth of 

 that heat through the thin glass of the window : hence the 

 comfortable temperature when the shutters are closed. A 

 much thicker glass, say a quarter of an inch thick, would act 

 as a shutter, and be equally serviceable for light. Strong, thick, 

 clear glass for roofs would admit the necessary light, and, to a 

 certain extent, dispense with the help of canvas coverings and 

 double roofs. This matter has not yet received sufficient atten- 

 tion, but it will no doubt do so, and already many are using 

 26 and 30-oz. glass instead of li and 1.5-oz. glass. The first 

 expense, of course, would be greater. — K. F. 



COVENT GARDEN MxVRKET.— December iit. 



Theue is Tcry little to be noticed bere that is cither new, useful, or 

 curions ; for we have been overstocked, and business has not been of a 

 remuncratlTe character. Pine Apples and Grapes continue plentiful, and 

 among them are Bomo fine examples for the eeasun. Pears are sufficient 

 lor the demand; good Apples, however, are in reqaest, the American 

 NewtoKn Pippins realising high prices. The Potato trade is heavy, with 

 large arriTals by rail. 



VEGETABLES. 

 d. B. d 



Artichokes doz. 



Aepara^s 100 



BeonB.Runner J-2 eiovo 



Broad bnsbel 



Beet, R«d doz. 



Broccoli bundle 



Bras. Sprouts }-2 sieve 



Cabbage doK. 



Gapsicams lOi) 



Carrots bunch 



Cauliflower doz. 



Celery bundle 



Coleworte . .doz.bchs. 

 Oacnmbera .... each 



pickliug doz. 



Endive doz. 



Fennel bunch 



OarUo lb. 



Herbs bunch 



Horseradish ..bundle 



Leeks bnnch 



Lettuce score 



Mushrooms pottle 



Mustd.A Cress.punnet 

 Onions bushel 



pickling . . quart 



Parsley sieve 



Parsnips doz. 



Peas quart 



Potatoes bushel 



Kidney. .. . ditto 

 Radishes doz.buncbr 3 



Rhubarb bundle 



Savoys doz. 



Sen-kale bssket 



ShaUots lb. 



Spinach bushel 



Tomatoea doz. 



Turnips bunch 



YegotMarrows. ..doz. 



as far as the pit will bo advisable, and if beneath the pit with duo open- 

 ings wo would not object. The stems of Vinos should be h or 9 inches 

 from the hot-water pipes. If nearer, place a thin boord between them, 

 or \\Tap the stems in moss, and lot it be dry. Yon seem to have marked 

 tix Vines to each house, which we consider "a jjood number. Wo are not 

 t-ure that we understand your mode ol training. What we would con- 

 bider the best in such a house, would bo merely taking the Yine up and 

 across the house from 15 to 18 inches from the sJass. For the earliest 

 house, two Black Hamburghs. one Sweetwater, one Trentbam Black* one 

 Koyal Muscadine, one Black Muscat of Alexandria (Mascnt Hamburgh), 

 and as you want a house oil Muscats and Frontignans, say White Fron- 

 tignnu, Red FroutignaD. or Black Frontigiian, two Muscat of Alexandria, 

 and two Bowood Musciit. But for having all Muscat", we would RUggeet 

 one Lady Downe's. and one White Lady Downe's. The proposed shelf 

 round the vineries, with the walk and pit in the centre, we consider good. 

 Slate or spurred wood will be tlic best for shelves. Iron becomes quickly 

 heated and cooled, and, what is worse, soon rusts. If, however, yon 

 should prefer iron, it is best to paint merely with oil. The centre of the 

 conservatory would bo a good place for a tank of rain water, but it 

 should be covered over, with merely a suitable opening left, and of course 

 there must be a pipo to take away the supcrflnous water. The proposed 

 mode of arranging the con?;ervatory, fo far os a stAgo or platform in the 

 centre is concerned, wo auprovo of ; but wo think that having an earth 

 iiurder all round will do awav with unity of effect as respects the vinery 

 on each side. With regard to th'» shelf all round, and the heating pipes, we 

 presume beneath it- this, wo think, would bo tho best inodo in the con- 

 servatory, as thus there is no difficulty with the heating pipes. With an 

 earth border all round for setting plants and trees on, n^ well as growing 

 them there, you would require to plnee the pipes in tho middle of tho 

 house below the stage, or they could run in a chamber beneath nn iron- 

 grated pathway. Wc do not enter on tho heating from one boiler oppo- 

 site ono vinery, and the consen-atory between it and the second vinery, 

 as we presume that has all been settled. It is a good plan to place wire-* 

 across tho house at tho distance from tho glass already specified, and 

 iil-fotohavo longitudinal wire-* conneited with them, say 2 feet apart; 

 the wire onc-cigbth of an inch in diameter, or oven less, will be strong 

 enough. 



One BoiLF.n to Heat Se\xral Houses (i7omM)fronl —We have oo 

 doubt that you will save fuel by having one boiler for all your houses ; 

 but as yon have already three boilers to four honsep, unless your bouses 

 are well situated, you might lose as much as you would gain, as there is 

 always a risk in having eight honsos depending on one boiler, as, if any- 

 thing happens in scvire weather, where are you? This is of so much 

 importance, that it is now common to have two boilers, one to work in 

 general, and the other ready if any casualty should happen with tho 

 first. Wo think vour Su-inch-long saddle-back boiler would heat your 

 700 lect ol 4-inch piping, if vou did uot require a high temperature; bat 



