THE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY OF NEW YORK 



The treatments for both the insects and fungous diseases may be com- 

 bined in nearly all of the applications. Scab and cedar rust both appear 

 rather early in the season and the first spraying should be with a fungi- 

 cide, and the application should be made after the cluster buds push out 

 and before the trees come into bloom. In localities where the curculio 

 and canker worm are especially bad arsenate of lead should be combined 

 with this spraying, after the white petals of the blossoms fall, and before 

 the calyx closes. All varieties of apples should be sprayed with a com- 

 bined fungicide and insecticide. This is the first spraying for codhng 

 moth and also the first spraying for leaf-spot and is the second spraying 

 for scab. 



Three weeks later there should be another spraying of combined insecti- 

 cide and fungicide. As a rule, these sprayings will be sufficient, except in 

 localities and on varieties especially subject to bitter rot, where later spray- 

 ings also are necessary with bordeaux mixture, the first spraying for the 

 control of bitter rot being made in the latter part of June or early in 

 July, and to be followed every three weeks until three or four sprayings 

 have been made, and on especially susceptible varieties five or six spray- 

 ings may be necessary. 



Materials to be Used. — For the three sprayings above recommended, 

 growers may .use the concentrated lime-sulphur solution, i* gallons diluted 

 with 50 gallons of water, with 2 lbs. of arsenate of lead added to the 

 diluted lime-sulphur, or atomic sulphur 7 lbs. to 50 gallons of water with 

 2 lbs. of arsenate of lead added. And for the sprayings to control bitter 

 rot Bordeaux mixture should be used; either the home-made formula of 

 4 — 4 — 50 or a prepared Bordeaux mixture containing a higli per cent, of 

 copper. 



Pears as a rule should be treated about the same as apples. 



Peaches. — The curculio, scab and brown rot are the three principal troubles 

 to remedy by spraying. The curculio, which is a small snout beetle, punc- 

 tures the skin of the fruit and lays its egg in the flesh of the peach from 

 which the larva hatches which makes the wormy peaches. This should be 

 controlled by spraying with arsenate of lead when the shucks or calyces 

 are being shed from the young fruits. 



Both the foliage and fruit of the peach are peculiarly susceptil)le to the 

 influence of arsenic, and therefore in spraying peaches it is preferable to 

 use a tri-plumbic arsenate of lead rather than the standard, the reason 

 being that in the tri-plumbic arsenate of lead, the arsenic is more firmly 

 bound with a lead base and, therefore, any arsenic, liberated by decom- 

 position due to oxidation or the action of the carbon-dioxide of the air, 

 is taken up by the excess lead so that the fruit and foliage will not sus- 

 tain injury. In spraying peach trees with arsenate of lead care should be 

 taken not to drench the trees, and it is also advisable to combine with the 

 arsenate of lead three pounds of lime, made into a milk, to each 50 gal- 

 lons of the spray. 



About 20 days later, or about 4 weeks after the petals have fallen, spray 



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