THE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY OF NEW YORK 



winter if a few evergreen branches are tied over them to protect from the 

 sun. But the teas, hybrid teas, and hybrid perpetuals must have some- 

 thing more. Protection is especially necessary against the ravages of 

 field mice, which cause great destruction in some places by gnawing the 

 bark for three or four inches above the base. The only way to prevent 

 this, so far as I know, is by banking soil or manure sufficiently high, so 

 that even if the mice eat the plant above, there will be enough wood left 

 to start again. The freezing of this soil prevents the mice attacking the 

 bark which is covered. Above the banked earth evergreen branches or 

 any coarse litter will answer for further covering. Any very tender 

 roses, however, had better be bent over and entirely covered with soil. 



You will note that I have made no special mention of standard roses. 

 The treatment of these, as far as ordinary cultivation goes, will be the same 

 as for the others. They will require more elaborate winter prot.^ction. 

 Grafted on rugosa stocks, they may, with great care, be laid over and 

 covered with soil. If this is not possible, a good covering of straw 

 bound around them will do, at the same time supporting with a stout 

 stake. 



Conclusion 



The successful grower of roses must be an optimist, as there is much 

 to contend with. The reward is however commensurate with the effort, 

 and as Dean Hole so beautifully expresses it: "He who would have beau- 

 tiful roses in his garden must have beautiful roses in his heart. He must 

 love them well and always." 



Roses under Glass 



It would be presumptions on my part to attempt to tell the commercial 

 rose-grower anything about growing roses under glass, and my remarks 

 will be such as I think may be suggestive to the amateur, or the beginner 

 in indoor rose-culture. 



The rose house, like the rose garden, must be well away from the shade 

 of trees or buildings. Even on the north side large trees, especially ever- 

 greens, are not desirable in close proximity to the greenhouse, as they will 

 absorb some of the light that should go to the roses. The pitch of the 

 roof should be as steep as is practicable for the width of the house, and 

 good clear glass, not less than sixteen inches wide, should be used. The 

 house should run nearly east and west, facing about twenty degrees east 

 of south. This slightly eastern aspect will mean in the winter an hour 

 earlier warming up of the house on bright mornings, permitting of syring- 

 ing that much sooner, consequently giving the plants a better chance to 

 dry before night. This is a very important matter. 



The house should be at least five feet high at the eaves, so that there 

 may be a walk on each out side, thereby enabling the grower to get at 

 both sides of all the beds or benches. This also gives the roses a better 

 circulation of air, and more head room. I prefer solid beds to benches, but 



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