262 THE JOURNAL OF INDIAN BOTANY. 



Floral bracts black, bairy acute. (Khasia 

 and North Burma, S. India Mountains, 

 Malay and China) ..,, 22 E. Brownianum. 



** Bracts of the involucre pale, straw- 

 coloured when dry. 



Scapes to 20 in. ; heads 1/2 in. ; female 

 sepals unequal, visible beyond the floral 

 bracts. (Malabar) ... 27 E. lanceolatum. 



Scapes 6-10 in. ; heads J to f in. ; female 

 petals clawed ; floral bracts white, outer 

 nearly glabrous. (Burma and Andamans) ... 26 E. Wightianum. 



Scapes 8-12 in. ; female petals oblanceo- 

 late, without glands ; floral bracts blackish... 24 E. gracile. 



22. E. Brownianum Mart. (Wall. Cat. 6066 in Herb. Calc !) ; 

 F.B.I, vi, 576, No. 18 ; Ruhl. No. 117 and E. nilagirense No. 93. Leaves 

 narrow about I in. wide and 15-20 in. long, glabrous or hairy, as also 

 the scapes which are about as long. Heads 1/3 — 1/2 in. Involucre pale, 

 glabrous or hairy. Female flower-Sepals dark, deeply boat-shaped, 

 scabrid on the keel. Petals narrow, with long hairs and large glands 

 Seeds oval, dark brown. Plate 17. 



Var. a typica leaves and involucre often (but not always) glabrous, 

 Assam ; Silhet (type), Khasia ; Burma ; Manipur. 



Var. b nilagirense Steud. Whole plant hairy and more robust 

 than the type. Leaves usually shorter and broader, but sometimes 

 narrow. Scapes stout and hairy. Heads 1 inch flat or hemispheric. 

 Involucre black, hairy. Female flower: — Sepals less deeply boatshaped 

 Petals a little broader ; otherwise as in the type. See Fig. p. 263. 



S. India and Ceylon at high elevations. 



Very common in semi-dry or marshy land at about 7000 ft. , forming 

 usually dense tufts a foot or more across. The flowers smell strongly of 

 honey and are visited by small butterflies. The name suggests that this is a 

 variety confined to these regions, but in Herb. Calcutta are sheets from 

 Khasia hardly if at all different. Hooker was the first I think to reduce 

 Steudel's species to E. Brownianum Mart. Koerniche considered it closest 

 to E. Wightianum. 



Var. c macrophyllum Ruhl. 1c. No. 95. 



Malay Peninsula. 



Var. b was founded by Steudel as a distinct species, but reduced by 

 Hooker to E. Brownianum. It was restored to specific rank by Ruhland and 

 because the type has glabrous involucre is separated in his clavis by 24 

 species, 



