10 April, 1916.] Tree Planting. 223 



The living conditions of city life are also improved by trees in streets, 

 parks, and gardens by tbeir modifying effect upon the temperature and 

 the added comfort to city dwellers in summer time. The heat in city 

 streets is greatly increased by the radiation from pavements and build- 

 ings. The foliage of trees not only prevents the direct rays of sun 

 from boating down upon the streets, but also, by giving off large quan- 

 tities of moisture by transpiration, the temperature is reduced where it 

 is most necessary. 



The establishing of wind-breaks is worthy of more consideration 

 from the farmer, grazier, and orchardist than has been given in the past. 

 Who has not been struck with the desolate wind-swept appearance of 

 some homesteads on the plain country in different parts of the Western 

 District of Victoria, where no shelter belts and trees have been estab- 



A leafy elm avenue, Fitzroy Gardens, Melbourne {i'lmus comprstris). 



lished ? On such holdings in winter time the stock are pinched up owing 

 to llieir being fully exposed to cold, biting winds, and in summer time 

 there is no place giving relief from either the direct rays of the sun or 

 the shrivelling effects of the hot winds. 



By way of contrast, one only needs to see the splendid shelter bolts 

 establishcrl near Lismore, Skipton, and other places in the Western Dis- 

 trict to be at once convinced of the greatly improved appearance, added 

 comfort to man and beast, and the consequent enhanced value of the 

 properties concerned, repaying many times over the expense and trouble 

 of planting and establishing the trees. 



The provision of shelter from extremes of cold and heat means much 

 to stock, which soon improves in condition, and yields miuh bettor 

 returns than under exposed conditions. 



