M6 



Journal of Agriculture, Victoria. [10 May, 1916 



Bay washed up by the waves. When they appear in a garden, smudge 

 fires should be tried. Spray trees with arsenate of lead before the fruit 

 ripens. 



The Cottony-cushion Scale. 

 This is a well-known psst on orange, lemon, acacia (wattles), pittos- 

 j>orum and other trees, also many garden plants. The fully-matured 

 females are easily distinguished by the large, white, fluted, cottony egg 

 masses at the posterior end of the red, yellow, or dark-brown bodies — 

 which together are from \ to \ in. long, and three-fourths as wide. 



The eggs are deposited within 

 the cottony masses, and are 

 ol^long, and a rich cardinal 

 red. From 400 to 1,000 may 

 be laid by a single female. 

 The young are bright red. 

 The males are small, two- 

 winged, red-bodied insects, 

 with long antenuEc. The large 

 cottony masses are the egg- 

 sacs of the females. The 

 majority of the members of 

 the (Coccidae) " Scale In- 

 sects " have the ability to 

 produce a scale-like covering, 

 from which the common name 

 is derived ; while some, unable 

 to form a scale, have the 

 epidermis hardened into a 

 thick, hard, chitinous wall ; 

 and still others secrete an 

 abundance of white, powdery, 

 or cotton-like wax as a cover- 

 ing. They feed by inserting 

 into the tissues of the plants 

 their small beaks or mouth 

 parts, and sucking the juices. 

 As a consequence of their 

 great numbers, and the re- 

 moval of a large amount of 

 juicas, the plants become 

 weakened. 



Fig. 9.— The 



Oleander Scale 



Nerii, Boucbe). 



(Aspidiotus 



This scale was at one time one of the worst insect pests of citrus 

 trees in California; but, through the introduction of our Australian 

 ladybird beetles into California, they have practically wiped the scales 

 out. In Victoria, the red oil, lime and sulphur, and kesosene emulsion 

 sprays are used against these insects. 



The Oleander or Ivy Scale. 



This species is rather a common greenhouse and garden pest, and not 



infrequently it causes considerable damage to palms, ivy, orchids, 



aspidistrias, and many other plants, fruit trees, and shrubs. Plants 



