10 July, 1916.] Orchard and Garden Notes. 447 



The lime sulphur spray, too, is an excellent fungicide, and a strong 

 winter spray will go a very long way in reducing any attack of the black 

 spot fungus on either the apple or the pear. In addition, if the peach 

 trees are sprayed at this time with lime sulphur, both peach aphis and 

 peach leaf curl will be considerably minimised in the spring time. 



Flower Garden. 



Digging in the garden should be continued. Before digging, the beds 

 should be given a top dressing of lime or stable manure, and subse- 

 quently these should be dug well into the soil. Care must be taken not 

 to injure the roots of any shrubs, trees, or roses. Root cutting and root 

 pruning will always dwarf any plant. In digging, it is not wise to dis- 

 card any leaves, twiggy growths, or weeds. Unless they are required 

 for the compost heap they should always be dug into the soil. Leaf- 

 mould is especially useful in any garden, and where such plants as 

 Azaleas, Rhododendrons, Liliums, &c., are grown, or for pot-plant work, 

 it is exceedingly valuable. In forming the compost heap, no medium 

 whatever should be added to help the rotting down of the leaves unless 

 it be a little sand. Any chemical added will render the mould unsuit- 

 able for its special objects. 



All shrubs that produce flowers on their young growths, including 

 roses, should now be pruned. Care should be taken to distinguish be- 

 tween those shrubs that flower on the new wood and those that flower on 

 the wood of the past season's growth. Those that flower on the new 

 wood, and may now be pruned, are Lasiandra, Lantana, Cestrura, 

 Tecoma, Hydrangea, Plumbago, Erythrina (some species), &c., and those 

 that should not be touched at present time are Spirea, Erythrina (some 

 species), Pyrus Japonica, Weigelia, Prunus pissardi, P. Vesuvius, P. 

 mume, Deutzia, Polygala, Ceanothus, &c. It is a safe rule in pruning 

 shrubs to wait until they have flowered before pruning. This will cer- 

 tainly give the shrubs a somewhat ragged appearance in the winter, but 

 it is the only way to secure the best flowering results. 



All herbaceous plants, such as Salvia, Aster, Delphinium, Polygonum, 

 Boltonia, Gaura, and Chrysanthemum, should be cut back, and, if neces- 

 sary, lifted and " heeled in " in a temporary location for the winter. 

 Plant out Gladioli, Iris, and Liliums. 



Continue digging, manuring, and trenching. 



Vegetable Garden. 



Seedlings from boxes or seed plots mav now be planted out. Care 

 should bo taken that all vegetable beds are well raised and tlirown up. 

 By throwing up the soil, and thus deepening the paths and the spaces 

 between the plots, the latter are well drained, and the soil is made con- 

 siderably warmer. This will greatly facilitate the growth of the young 

 plants. 



As;)aragus may be planted ; sow seeds of carrots, parsnips, cauli- 

 flowers, onions, peas, broad beans, and tomatoes, the latter being forc4^ 

 on in a frame, so as to obtain good plants quickly. 



