FOREST TERMINOLOGY 75 



Crown density. An expression of the relation of crown area (or crown cover) to 

 the land area involved, measuring the extent of shading exercised by the crowns, 

 with due regard to the habit of the species, site, and age. It is usually expressed 

 in decimal fraction of complete cover.' 



G., Beschirmungsdichte. F., epaisseur du couvert. 



The degrees of crown density in a forest may be expressed by the following 

 terms, and fraction of a full crown cover. 

 Closed: .8 to 1 (crown cover complete). 

 G., geschlossen. F., plein. 



Dense: .6 to .8 of the ground shaded by the crowns. 

 G., dicht. F., dense. 

 Medium or broken: A to .6. 

 G., luckig. F., entrecoupe. 



Open: less than .4 of the ground shaded by the crowns. 

 G., Hcht. F., clair. 

 Cruise. See Estimate. 



Cull, V. 1. To remove trees, especially merchantable ones, from a forest without 

 regard to sUvictdture. See Lumber manufacturing terms. 

 2, In grading, to place in the lowest grade. 

 Cull, n. A low grade of lumber or a rejected tree in timber estimating. 

 Culled forest. See Cut-over forest. 

 Current increment. See Increment. 



Cut, n. The amount of material cut or to be cut according to plan. 

 Syn.: feUing budget. 



G., Forstetat, Hiebssatz. F., budget des forets. 

 Cut over, v. To cut most or all of the merchantable timber in a forest. 

 Cut-over forest. Forest from which most or all of the merchantable timber has 

 been cut. 



Syn.: logged-over. 



Culled forest is a cut-over forest from which certain species or sizes only have 

 been taken, e.g., culled for pine and spruce. 

 Cutting. 1. In nursery and planting practice a portion of the stem or root of a live 

 tree used for propagation. 

 G., Steckreis. F., bouture. 



2. The process of felling trees. 



G., Schlag, Hieb. F., coupe, abatage. 



3. An area on which the trees have been cut or are to be cut. 

 Syn.: cutting area; felling area. 



G., Abhiebsflache, Schlag. F., surface coupee. 



Syn.: felling. There being a difference of opinion as to the preference between 

 these synonyms in the sub-committee and the collating committee, the latter 

 gives them equal value, recommending, however, the use of felling (as of greater 

 term quality) wherever a substantive meaning is prominent and where real forestry 

 terms are involved, as in severance feUing, felling cycle, felling series, feUing 

 plan, reserving cut and cutting where the common verbal sense is prominent, as 

 in cutting height, cutting limit. 



Cutting area. See Cutting. 



Cutting height. See Stump height. 



Cutting limit. See Diameter limit. 



