80 JOURNAL OF FORESTRY 



G., Nachbesserung. F., regarnissage. 



According to the arrangement, row planting is designated as follows: 



Rectangular planting. An arrangement in which the trees are set at the corners 

 of successive rectangles. 



G., Quadratpflanzung, Quadratverband. F., plantation en carr^. 



Triangular planting. An arrangement in which the trees are set out at the 

 corners of successive triangles. 



G., Dreieckverband. F., plantation en triangle. 



Quincunx planting. An arrangement in which the trees are set in the center 

 and at the corners of successive squares. 



G., Fiinfverband, Kreuzpflanzung. F., plantation en quinconce. 



Seeding lath, seeding trough. Planting tools used to secure an even distribution 

 of seed in drills of the seed bed (nursery practice). 



Seed horn, seed flask, etc. Planting tools designed to distribute a uniform 

 amount of seed in direct seeding in seed spots. 

 Forest policy. The attitude toward forests and general method of administration 



of public interests in forests by the State. 

 Forest regulation. See Forest organization. 



Note: In the past both forest regtilation and forest organization have been 

 used indiscriminately. In the absence of any English word exactly equivalent 

 to the German " Forsteinrichtung," both terms may well continue to be used. 

 Forest rent. See under Rent. 

 Forest rental value. See under Value. 



Forest survey. The gathering and tabulation of all data in regard to forest lands 

 including plane and topographic surveying, mapping, timber estimates, forest 

 description, grazing data and land classification, type and site determination, 

 involving all the work of every kind (including the construction of volume, growth 

 and yield tables) necessary for the making of a working plan. Forest surveys 

 may be partial or complete, more or less intensive or extensive, and of varying 

 degree of accuracy. 



Syn.: stock-taking in part. 

 Forest tree nursery. An area upon which young trees are grown for forest planting. 



Seedling and Transplanting nursery, permanent and temporary, may be dis- 

 tinguished. ' 



G., Saatkamp, Baumschule. F., p^piniere. 

 Forest type. A descriptive term used to group stands of similar character as regards 

 composition and development due to given physical and biological factors, by 

 which they may be differentiated from other groups of stands. The term suggests 

 repetition of the same character tmder similar conditions. 



A type may be termed temporary to express the expectation of a change, if its 

 character is due to passing influences (logging, fire, etc.); permanent if no change is 

 expected and the character is due to physical and biological (natural) factors alone ; 

 climax if it is intended to indicate the character as the ultimate stage of a succession 

 of temporary types. 



A Cover type is a forest type now occupying the ground, no implication being 

 conveyed as to whether it is temporary or permanent. 

 Forest utilization. That branch of forestry which concerns itself with the operation 

 of harvesting and marketing the forest crop and other resources of the forest. 



G., Forstbenutzung. F., technologic forestiere. 



