88 JOURNAL OF FORESTRY 



Pruning or clearing, n. The removal of branches from standing trees by natural 



(self-pruning) or artificial means. The clearing of the stem through the death 



and fall of branches for want of light is known as natural pruning, or clearing (q. v.). 



G., Astreinigung. F., elagage natural. 



G., Aufastung; F., Elagage, terms of artificial pruning. 



Puddle, n. A mixture of soil and water about the consistency of cream in which 



the roots of young trees are dipped to retard drying out during planting. 

 Puddle, V. To dip the roots of young trees in a mixture of soil and water. 

 Pure forest. Forest composed principally of trees of one species. In practice 

 usually a forest in which 80 per cent or more of the trees are of one species. 

 G., reiner Bestand. F., peuplement pur. 

 Quality increment. See Increment. 

 Quality of site. See Site and Site class. 



Quality of stand. The quality of stand is its actual condition from the viewpoint 

 of production as compared with normal condition. 

 G., Bestandesbonitat. F., qualite du peuplement. 

 Quincunx planting. See Forest planting. 

 Range. See Subdivision. 

 Reconnaissance. A preliminary, extensive forest survey of a limited degree of 



accuracy. 

 Reforest, v. To renew a forest, either by natural or artificial means. 

 Syn.: restock. 



G., aufforsten. F., reboiser. 

 Reforestation. The natural or artificial restocking of an area with forest trees; 

 most commonly used in reference to the latter. See Forestation. 

 G., AufTorstung. F., reboisement. 

 Regeneration, n. See Reproduction. 

 Regeneration period. See Reproduction period. 



Regulation of cut. The fixation in advance of the annual or periodic cut, which 

 in the normal forest would be equivalent to the annual growth. See Cut. 

 Syn.: regulation of felling budget; regulation of yield. 

 G., Etatsbestimmung, Ertragsbestimmung. F., fixation de la possibilite. 

 The following classification of methods of regulating the cut may be recognized : 

 Allotment methods, when a rotation is fixed and for a given year or period of the 

 rotation a certain area, a certain amount of stock, a certain number or size of 

 trees is allotted to be cut. 



Normal stock or Formula methods, when the amount of cut is determined by 

 comparison of actual with normal conditions and the cut is in part regulated by 

 a volume formula for a rotation or equalization period. 



Individualizing or Stand methods, when each stand is investigated for its financial 

 maturity and designated for cutting, provided other age classes are in existence 

 to assure continuity of crops. 

 Removal cutting. See Reproduction, Shelterwood method. 

 Removal stage. See Reproduction, Shelterwood method. 



Rent. In forest finance, the income per acre secured as an annual return from a 

 forest or stand under management, calculated either as forest rent or soil rent. 



Forest rent is the net income (g. v.) from a forest organized for sustained yield, 

 without interest charges on the forest capital — bookkeeper's balance — the forest, 



