/ FOREST TERMINOLOGY 91 



which groups of valuable advance growth, if present, form the starting points for 

 the cutting which radiates from these centers. Such an application is termed 

 Shelterwood group method. 



6. Coppice method. A method of renewing the forest in which reproduction is 

 secured by sprouts. 



Syn.: sprout method. 



G., Niederwaldbetrieb. F., regime du taillis simple. 



7. Coppice with standards. A method of reproduction in which seedling trees 

 or selected sprouts* (standards) are maintained above a coppice or sprout forest. 

 See Composite forest. 



G., Mittelwaldbetrieb. F., regime du taillis. 

 Reproduction period. The space of time required or normally decided upon for the 

 renewal of a stand by natural regeneration. 

 Syn.: regeneration period; return period. 

 Reserve. 1. A tree or group of trees left uncut on an area for a period, usually a 

 second rotation, after the stand is reproduced naturally or artificially. It may 

 also refer to whole stands held back from utilization. A tree reserved primarily 

 in order to seed the felling area is termed a seed tree. See Reproduction, Seed tree 

 method. A tree held over from harvest to grow into or through a second rotation, 

 usually to secure increased diameter development, may be termed a hold-over. A 

 tree reserved in coppice cutting is termed a standard. See Reproduction, Coppice 

 with standards. 



2. A tract of forest set aside for forest management. 

 Syn. : national forest. 

 Restock. See Reforest. 



Revision of working plan. The rewriting of a working plan at the end of, or during 

 the working period. Such renewals may be made at fixed intervals of, say, 10 

 years, or at irregular intervals, as is commonly the case where revised data or 

 changes in prevailing market conditions, etc., necessitate modification of the 

 original plan. 

 Ride. A term used in English literature for opened up division lines between 

 compartments. 



G., Schneisse, Gestell. F., laie. 

 Ripe. See Mature forest. 

 Root sucker. A sprout from a root. 



Rotation. The predetermined time period during which it [is intended to cut 

 over a working group; the predetermined, approximate felling age of stands. 

 Rotation refers to the forest as a whole and is expressed not by a definite year, 

 but a period of 10 to 20 years; felling age refers to a stand and a definite year. 



Rotations are determined either by technical, economic, or financial considera- 

 tions; silvicultural considerations exercising a limiting influence. 



Technical rotations attempt to produce the maximum amount of material 

 suitable for a certain purpose, such as railroad ties, m'ine timbers, saw logs of 

 given size. 



Economic rotations attempt to secure either the maximum average volume 

 production, or the maximum average value production. 



Financial rotations introduce considerations of cost and attempt to secure 

 either the maximum forest rent or maximum soil rent (q. v.). 



