100 JOURNAL OF FORESTRY 



groves, or in the most extensive case, forests. They may be of natural or artificial 

 origin. 



Windfall. 1. A tree thrown by wind. 



2. An area on which the trees have been thrown by wind. 

 Syn.: windbreak, blow-down. 

 G., Windbruch. F., volis. 



Wind-firm. Able to withstand heavy wind. 



G., sturmfest, windfest. F., resistant au vent. 



Wind mantle. A screen of trees, commonly used to designate the dense border of 

 a woodlot or forest which prevents penetration of wind into the interior. 

 G., Waldmantel. 



Wolf tree. A tree occupying more space than its silvicultural value warrants, 

 curtailing better neighbors. A term usually applied to broad-crowned, short- 

 stemmed reserves. 



Woodland. See Forest. 



Woodlot. See Forest. 



Working block. See Subdivision. 



Working capital. See Capital. 



Working circle. See Subdivision. 



Working figiire. See Subdivision. 



Working period. The period of years during which the working plan is intended to 

 apply. 



Working plan. The plan or plans under which a given forest property is to be con- 

 tinuously managed. Annual or Periodic plans may be based on the general work- 

 ing plan and may refer to any specified class of work, as the annual cutting or 

 felling, planting, protection, grazing, or administration and improvement plan. 

 Such annual plans may be either mere schedules or may contain more or less 

 detail, explanations, estimates of cost and resvdts, as seems desirable. 



Working plan control. The records of the progress of the work on the forest as 

 outlined by the working plan. In European practice these records are kept by 

 maps and books. The entries are made periodically or at the time of completing 

 each of the various projects. This control operates as a check on the execution 

 of the working plan. 



Working section. See Subdivision. 



Working unit. See Subdivision. 



Yield. The timber or wood volume that is (actually) or can be (normally) produced 

 by a stand of a given composition at a given age under given site conditions and 

 treatment — the actual or normal product of the stand. See Normal. In finance, 

 may be expressed as money yield. 



The term Yield involves the idea of futurity, hence for a statement of actual 

 material on hand the term Stock is preferable. For the expression Regulation 

 of yield, the expression Regulation of cut or of felling budget is preferred. 



Yield table. A tabular statement of periodic yields attainable at different ages 

 (usually in 10-year periods) per tmit of area (usually per acre). 



Normal yield tables are constructed separately for given species on different 

 sites (and sometimes different growth regions) under different treatment, and 

 are used as standards with which to compare actual yields. The statements of a 

 normal yield table are derived as an average from the best producing areas. If a 



